Organic Stereoisomerism

isomers

different compounds with the same molecular formula

constitutional isomers

isomers with different atom connectivity

stereoisomers

isomers with same connectivity but different arrangement in space

enantiomers

stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of one another

diastereomers

stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another

these compounds are an example of what?

enantiomers

these molecules are an example of what?

diastereomers

these compounds are an example of what?

constitutional isomers

a single enantiomer of a pair of enantiomers is BLANK because it can rotate in BLANK

optically active, plane-polarized light

a mixture of enantiomers in equal concentration is called

racemic mixture

racemic mixtures are not

optically active

a carbon center is chiral if it has

4 unique substituents and no plane of symmetry

achiral molecules are

superimposable on their mirror image

molecules with one chiral center are

always chiral

what makes a molecule with an even number of chiral centers achiral?

it has an internal plane of symmetry or a center of inversion

what are achiral molecules with chiral centers called

meso compounds

groups on a chiral center are assigned priority according to

the atomic number of the atom closest to the stereocenter