Ancient Egypt

History

What is the difference between history and the past?

History is the written record of past events, the past is everything that has already happened

What is a primary source?

A source created during the time period (artifact, diary, tomb)

What is a secondary source?

A source created later, using primary sources (textbooks,documentaries)

What is specialization of labor?

People having specific jobs like farmers,scribes,or priests 

What is cuneiform?

The first writing system created by the sumerians

What is a monarchy?

A government rules by a king or queen

What is autocracy?

One person has all the power

What is oligarchy

a small group holds power

What is a democracy?

People make decisions or elect leaders

What does divine mean?

God-like or sacred

What is a deity?

A god or goddess

What does an Egyptologist do?

Studies ancient Egypt

What does an Archaeobotanist study?

Ancient plants

What is an experimental archaeologist?

Someone who recreates ancient methods and tools

What does an archaeologist do?

studies history using artifacts

What does an anthropologist do?

Studies people and cultures

What does a curator do?

Organizes and manages museum collections

Who was Imhotep?

Architect if the step pyramid and an early doctor 

who was Akhenaten?

Pharaoh who introduced monotheism

Who was Nefertiti?

Queen and wife of Akhenaten

Who was Hatshepsut?

Female pharaoh who expanded trade

Who was Tutankhamun?

Young pharaoh known for his intact tomb

Who was Howard Carter?

Archaeologist who discovered king Tut’s tomb

What is Saqqara?

An ancient burial site with the the step Pyramid

What is Giza?

Site of the Great Pyramid and the Sphinx

What is the valley of the kings?

Burial site for new kingdom pharaohs

What is a Necropolis?

A large ancient cemetery

What is the Rosetta Stone?

A stone that helped decode hieroglyphics

What is Monotheism?

Belief in one god

what is polytheism?

Belief in many gods

What are hieroglyphics?

Ancient Egyptian writing

What is amarna?

City built by Akhenaten

What is Amarna-style art?

More realistic.soft, and natural art from Akhenaten’s time

What is the Great Pyramid?

The largest pyramid in Giza

What is the Sphinx?

A statue with a lion’s body and human head.

What is the step Pyramid of Saqqara?

The first pyramid, designed by Imhotep

What is mummification?

Preserving a body for the afterlife 

What is an ankh?

Symbol of life

What is papyrus?

plant used to make paper

What advancements must a civilization have?

Cities, government, social classes, writing, art,religion, public works.

Why did the first civilizations develop in river valleys?

Fertile soil, water supply, trade routes, and stable food sources.

What was ancient Egyptian religion like?

Polytheistic, many gods tied to nature, strong belief in afterlife 

What was the purpose of Mummification?

Preserve the body so the soul could find it in the afterlife.

What were major Egyptian achievements?

Pyramids, hieroglyphics, medicine, calendar, art

Why are Akhenaten and Tutankhamun important?

Akhenaten created Monotheism, Tut restored traditional religion and left behind a well-preserved tomb.

Why are new discoveries at Saqqara important?

They reveal new tombs and artifacts, helping us understand everyday Egyptian life and religion