Micro - Class 9

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Last updated 9:19 PM on 6/9/26
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20 Terms

1
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What are the most common viruses causing infections of the GI tract?

  1. Hep A

  2. Rotavirus

  3. Adenovirus

  4. Norovirus

2
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What species cause intoxications of GI tract?

  1. Clostridium botulinum

  2. Clostridium perfringens

  3. S. Aureus

  4. Bacillus cereus

3
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What species do not causes food borne intoxication?

Viruses and parasites

4
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Determinants of Salmonella pathogenicity:

  1. Endotoxin = LPS

  2. Invasion proteins

5
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What is the function of invasion proteins?

Allow entry of salmonella into intestinal epithelial cells

6
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What species cause salmonellosis?

  1. S.enteritidis

  2. S.typhimurium

7
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Features of salmonellosis?

  • Causes diarrhea, abdominal pain

  • Self limited

  • Lasts 2-5 days

  • Causes dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

8
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Prevention of typhoid fever:

  1. Adequate sewage disposal, sanitation measures, personal hygiene

  2. Vaccines

9
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What is Shiga toxin?

  • Is a cytotoxic exotoxin produced by S.dysenteriae type 1 or 2

  • Inhibits protein synthesis in humans, causing death of mucosal cells

10
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What does Shiga toxin cause?

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (disseminated endothelial damage leading to intravascular clotting, hemolysis and renal failure)

11
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What is used to detect s.dysenteriae type 1 in stool?

An enzyme immunoassay for Stx

12
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What antibiotics are used to treat shigellosis in severe cases?

  • Ampicillin

  • Amoxicillin

  • Trimethoprim-sulfametgoxasole

  • Ciprofloxacin

  • Azithromycin

13
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Treatment of urinary tract infections caused by e.coli?

  • Fluoroquinolones

  • Sulphonamides

14
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Treatment of gastroenteritis caused by e.coli?

  • Rehydration

  • TMP/SXT

  • Beta lactams

15
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Characteristic features of vibrio:

  • Gram negative, comma shaped rods with polar flagella

  • Oxidase positive

  • Aerobic

  • Alkaliphile

16
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Virulence factor of v.cholera?

Choleragen (enterotoxin)

17
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Diagnostics of V.cholerae?

  1. Gold standard = culture of stool specimen

  2. TCBS - large yellow colonies

18
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Microscopic appearance of Campylobacter:

  • Gram neg rods (gulls’ wing shape rods)

  • Flagella

19
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Cause of infections by campylobacter?

  • Contaminated poultry (c.jejuni)

  • Water

  • Milk

  • Contact with infected animals

20
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Complications associated with campylobacteriosis?

  • Gueillain-Barre syndrome

  • Reactive arthritis