Biology Chapter 2 Study Stack Terms

Proton

positively charged particle

Ion

atom that has a positive or negative charge

Neutron

particle with no charge

Electron

negatively charged particle

Three subatomic particles that make up an atom

Protons, neutrons, electrons

Polar Molecule

partial positive and negative charges

Nucleus

the center of an atom

subatomic particles make up the nucleus

protons, neutrons

Subatomic particles outside the nucleus

electrons

atomic number represents

number of protons in an atom

atomic mass represents

number of protons plus number of neutrons

Isotope

atom of the same element that contains the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

compound

chemical combo of two or more elements

Chemical formula for water

H2O

Ionic bond

bond formed between oppositely charged ions

covalent bond

bond formed when electrons are shared between two atoms or molecules

carbohydrates (uses, elements, monomer/polymer, examples)

energy, Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen, glucose/galactose/fructose, whole grains/sugars

Lipids (uses, elements, monomer/polymer, examples)

energy storage, Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen, fatty acids/glycerol, fats/oils/waxes

Proteins (uses, elements, monomer/polymer, examples)

muscle formation, Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen/Nitrogen, Amino acids, meat/eggs

Amino acids (uses, elements, monomer/polymer, examples)

store/transmit genetic info, Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen/Nitrogen/Phosphorus, nucleotide, RNA/DNA

Cohesion

sticking of the same type of molecule

Adhesion

sticking of two different kinds of molecules

activation energy

amount of energy needed for a reaction

mixture

combination of 2 or more elements or compounds

solutions

combination of 2 or more elements or compounds

Solvent

the substance in which something dissolves

solute

what is being dissolved

universal solvent

water

catalyst

something that makes a reaction occur faster

reactants

starting materials

products

substance formed

organic chemistry

the study of chemistry of living organisms