Axial Skeleton and Facial Anatomy Flashcards

Vocabulary based flashcards covering the components and functions of facial bones, the axial skeleton, the hyoid bone, and the structures of the orbital cavity.

Facial bones (count)

There are 14 facial bones.

Axial skeleton (functions)

Supports and protects organs, provides attachment points for muscles that move the head, neck, and trunk, performs breathing movements, and stabilizes the appendicular skeleton.

Vomer

A facial bone that forms part of the nasal septum.

Sinuses

Air-filled chambers in the skull.

Sinuses (functions)

Decrease skull weight, produce mucus to moisten and clean air, and act as resonating chambers for speech.

Body (Sphenoid bone)

Forms the central axis of the sphenoid bone.

Sella turcica

A saddle-shaped enclosure on the superior surface of the sphenoid body.

Hypophyseal fossa

A depression within the sella turcica that holds the pituitary gland.

Maxillae (functions)

Support upper teeth, form inferior orbital rims, form lateral margins of the external nares, form the upper jaw and most of the hard palate, and contain the maxillary sinuses.

Maxillary sinuses

The largest sinuses.

Maxillae (articulations)

Articulate with frontal bones, ethmoid bone, each other, and all facial bones except the mandible.

Inferior nasal conchae (functions)

Slow inhaled air, create turbulence, and increase surface area to warm and humidify air.

Inferior nasal conchae (articulations)

Articulate with maxillae, ethmoid, palatine, and lacrimal bones.

Lacrimal bones

The smallest facial bones.

Lacrimal bones (function)

Form part of the medial walls of the orbits.

Lacrimal bones (articulations)

Articulate with the frontal bone, maxillae, and ethmoid.

Lacrimal sulcus

A groove that contains the lacrimal sac and leads to the nasolacrimal canal.

Hyoid bone (function)

Supports the larynx and provides attachment for muscles of the larynx, pharynx, and tongue.

Hyoid bone (articulations)

Does not articulate directly with other bones; connected by stylohyoid ligaments to the styloid processes of the temporal bones.

Orbital bone count

Seven bones form each orbit.

Roof of the orbit

Formed by the frontal bone.

Floor of the orbit

Formed by the maxilla.

Medial wall and orbital rim

Formed by the maxilla, lacrimal bone, and ethmoidal labyrinth.

Orbital contributor bones

Frontal, maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, sphenoid, palatine, and zygomatic bones.

Lateral wall and rim of the orbit

Formed by the zygomatic bone.