Grade 9 Geography: Asian Region, Sri Lanka, and Environment Flashcards

These vocabulary flashcards cover key geographical concepts of Asia and Sri Lanka, demographic indicators, environmental principles, and topographic map reading based on the Grade 9 curriculum.

Eurasia

The geographical landmass comprising both the continents of Asia and Europe as one.

Mount Everest

The highest peak in the Himalaya mountain range and the world, standing at a height of $8848\,m$.

Dead Sea

A body of water located in the Asian landmass that is situated below sea level.

Tibet Plateau

The highest plateau in the world, located at $5000\,m$ of altitude and known as the 'Rooftop of the world'.

Lake Baikal

A large lake in Asia considered to be the deepest freshwater lake in the world.

Tropical Zone

A warm climatic zone where the average temperature is more than $18^{\circ}C$ throughout the year.

Khariff

An agricultural season in Pakistan lasting from April to October where crops like cotton, paddy, and sugarcane are grown.

Gene Technology

The field of technology utilized in Japan for agriculture, livestock farming, pharmaceuticals, and food processing.

Coastal Plain

The region in Sri Lanka from sea level up to the $30\,m$ contour line, featuring lagoons, deltas, and sand dunes.

Lagoon

A lengthy stretch of brackish water separated from the sea by sand bars, found in areas like Negombo and Jaffna.

Lapse rate

The phenomenon of temperature decreasing as altitude increases.

Convectional rain

Rain occurring when air near the earth's surface heats up, rises, and condenses, typically falling as evening thundershowers.

South West Monsoon

Blowing from May to September, these winds bring heavy rain to the Western and South Western parts of Sri Lanka.

Natural vegetation

Trees, plants, and creepers that grow without the intervention of man, influenced by temperature, rainfall, and soil.

Mangroves

Vegetation found near estuaries and around lagoons with specialized respiratory roots like prop and stilt roots.

Sex ratio

The population indicator representing the number of males for every $100$ females.

Rural settlements

Habitats primarily based on agriculture and fisheries, focusing on primary economic activities.

Development

The improvement of the quality of life in economic, social, and cultural aspects for the people of a country.

Per capita income

The total income of a country divided by its midyear population, representing the amount earned per person.

Infant mortality rate

The number of deaths of infants under the age of one year per $1000$ live births.

Literacy

The percentage of the population over $15$ years of age who have the ability to read and write.

Environmental balance

The maintenance of the environment through the mutual relationship between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components.

Sustainable Development

Development that fulfills present needs while ensuring the rights and needs of future generations can also be met.

Environmental ethics

Favorable habits, customs, and religious traditions followed to maintain and protect the natural environment.

Cultural features

Man-made elements shown on topographic maps, such as roads, buildings, boundaries, and religious places.

Tributary

A small water stream that flows into and provides water to a main river.