Pediatric Speech Sound Disorders Practice Flashcards

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering basic phonology definitions, inventory counts, clinical definitions from major organizations, and consonant/vowel classifications as presented in the lecture notes.

Phonology

A rule system governing sounds

Phoneme

Meaningful contrast, minimal pairs

Phonotactics

Possible phoneme structure/sequences

Phonemic inventory

Repertoire of phonemes used contrastively

Phonetics

Study of speech sounds

Allophones

Variations of phonemes

Articulation

Motor movements in producing speech

Phonetic inventory

Repertoire of speech sounds including all the characteristic production features

Relativity of Inventories

The phonetic inventory is almost always bigger than the phonemic inventory

Memory aid for Phonetic Inventory

What sounds can you produce with your articulators? (Physical production)

Memory aid for Phonemic Inventory

What sounds do you use to create meaning? (cognitive process)

Total Consonants

$$24$$

Total Vowels

$$20$$

Total Phonemes

$$44$$

Dimensions to Differentiate Consonants

Voice, manner, place

Dimensions to Differentiate Vowels

Tongue position, tense/lax, lips rounded, nasals

Vowels

Phonemes for speech

Vowel Letters

For reading and literacy

ASHA and International expert panel on multilingual children's speech

Organizations whose definitions of SSD (Speech Sound Disorders) are defined similarly

APA (DSM-V) SSD Definition

No mention of speech perception in the definition for SSD

WHO (ICD-11) SSD Definition

Speech errors are NOT directly attributed to hearing involvement

Prevalence of SSD

$2.3$ to $24.6\%$ for "speech delay only" without co-occurring language impairment

Outcomes of SSD

Residual errors /r s z/, phonological processes (cluster reductions, Final consonant deletion), and differences in prosody (rate, stress, vocal quality)

Impact of SSD

Will differ in social and emotional aspects

Intervention Requirement

Intervention is necessary for individuals affected by SSD (YES!!!!!!)

Risk Factors of SSD

Males, family history of SSD, hearing status and maternal education

Stops/Plosives

/p, b, t, d, k, g/

Nasals

/m, n, ŋ/

Fricatives

/f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h/

Affricates

/tʃ, dʒ/

Glides

/w, j/

Liquids

/l, r/

Vowel Composition

$12$ monophthongs and $8$ diphthongs