apsm 3332 chapter 10

What is the purpose of federal antitrust laws?

To regulate trade and commerce, preventing anti-competitive practices.

What does Section 1 of the Sherman Antitrust Act prohibit?

Contracts or conspiracies that restrain trade or commerce among states or nations.

What must be proven to establish a violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act?

Existence of an agreement between parties, anticompetitive action, and involvement in interstate commerce.

What is the per se rule in antitrust law?

It prohibits inherently anticompetitive conduct, such as price fixing and group boycotts.

What is the rule of reason in antitrust cases?

A legal standard that evaluates whether the conduct unreasonably restrains trade.

What does Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act address?

Monopolization or attempts to monopolize any part of trade or commerce.

What is the Clayton Antitrust Act's significance?

It allows plaintiffs to recover triple damages for breaches of the Sherman Act.

How does league structure affect antitrust analysis?

If a league is a single entity, it is not subject to Section 1 violations; if it consists of separate owners, Section 1 applies.

What are player drafts in professional sports?

Annual processes to allocate players to teams, with specific eligibility requirements.

What is free agency in professional sports?

The period when athletes can negotiate contracts with any team.

What was the Curt Flood case's impact on player contracts?

It challenged the reserve clause, which restricted player movement, leading to changes in free agency.

What is a salary cap?

A limit on the total amount a team can spend on player salaries, often part of collective bargaining agreements.

What is baseball's antitrust exemption?

A judicial exemption granted in 1922 that protects Major League Baseball from antitrust lawsuits.

What is the nonstatutory labor exemption?

A judicial exemption that protects employers and employees from antitrust claims after good faith bargaining.

What does the Curt Flood Act allow baseball players to do?

Sue MLB for conditions of employment that may violate antitrust laws.

What is the Sports Broadcasting Act?

It allows leagues to pool broadcasting rights to sell them collectively, avoiding antitrust violations.

What is required for franchise relocation in professional sports?

Approval from 75% of team owners is needed for a franchise to relocate to another city.

What was the outcome of Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Commission v. NFL?

The court found NFL franchise relocation restrictions violated antitrust laws.

What is the significance of American Needle v. NFL?

The Supreme Court ruled that NFL teams are separate entities, allowing antitrust scrutiny.

What is the NCAA's stated mission?

To preserve amateurism in intercollegiate athletics and ensure fair competition among member schools.

What antitrust violations were found in NCAA v. Board of Regents?

The NCAA's television plan limiting televised games was ruled to violate antitrust laws.

What was the ruling in O'Bannon v. NCAA?

The court found that the NCAA violated antitrust law by limiting student-athlete compensation.

What did the Supreme Court decide in Alston v. NCAA?

The NCAA's agreement to limit compensation for education-related costs violated the Sherman Act.