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Sternocleidomastoid*
Action: together they flex the neck; alone they rotate the head

Platysma
Action: tense skin of neck; depress mandible

Pectorals Major*
Action: flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of shoulder

Pectoralis Minor
Action: depress and protract shoulder, rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly or elevate ribs(scapula fixed)

Rectus Abdominus*
Action: flex spinal column

Diaphragm
Action: expand thorax, compress abdomen(respiration)

External Oblique
Action: compress abdomen, depress ribs, flex or rotate spine

Internal Oblique
Action: compress abdomen, depress ribs, flex or rotate spine

Transversus Abdominus
Action: compress abdomen

Trapezius*
Action: extend neck; elevate, retract, depress, or rotate scapula upward; elevate clavicle

Teres Major
Action: extension, medial rotation, adduction of shoulder

Teres Minor
Action: lateral rotation of shoulder

Latissimus Dorsi*
*Action: extension, medial rotation, adduction of shoulder

Erector Spinae Group*
Action: extend spine, flex spine, extend neck

Serratus Anterior
Action: protract shoulder, rotate glenoid cav superiorly or elevate ribs (scap fixed)

Subscapularis
Action: medial rotation of shoulder

Infraspinatus
Action: lateral rotation of shoulder

Supraspinatus
Action: abduction of shoulder

Rhomboid Major
Action: adduct scapula, downward rotation of scapula

Rhomboid Minor
Action: adduct scapula, downward rotation of scapula

Occipitofrontalis (epicranius)
Action: raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead

Orbicularis Oris
Action: compress lips, pucker lips(kissing muscle)

Orbicularis Oculi
Action: close eyelids(blink)

Zygomaticus Major
Action: retract and elevate corner of mouth

Zygomaticus Minor
Action: retract and elevate upper teeth

Masseter*
Action: elevate mandible

Buccinator
Action: pull back corners of lips

Temporalis*
Action: elevate mandible

Sternohyoid
Action: depress hyoid bone and larynx

Deltoid*
Action: together:abduction of shoulder; anterior part: flexion and medial rotation of shoulder; posterior part: extension and lateral rotation of shoulder

Biceps Brachii
Action: flexion of elbow, flexion of shoulder, assist supination

Triceps Brachii
Action: extension of elbow(long head also contributes to extension and adduction of shoulder)

Brachialis
Action: flexion of elbow

Brachioradialis
Action: flexion of elbow

Pronator Teres
Action: pronation of forearm

Extensor Digitorum
Action: extension of fingers and wrist

Palmaris Longus
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
Action: flexion of wrist

Flexor Carpi Radialis
Action: flexion and abduction of wrist

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Action: flexion and adduction of wrist

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Action: extension and adduction of wrist

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
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Action: extension and abduction of wrist

Abductor Pollicis Longus
Action:abduction of thumb and wrist

Rectus Femoris*
Action: extension of knee, flexion of hip

Vastus Lateralis
Action: extension of knee

Vastus Medialis
Action: extension of knee

Vastus Intermedius
Action:extension of knee

Sartorius*
Action: flexion of knee, flexion and lateral rotation of hip

Biceps Femoris
Action: flexion of knee, extension and lateral rotation of hip

Semitendinosus
Action: flexion of knee, extension and medial rotation of hip

Semimembranosus
Action: flexion of knee, extension and medial rotation of hip

Adductor Magnus
Action: adduction and medial rotation of hip

Adductor Longus
Action: adduction, flexion, and medial rotation of hip

Gluteus Maximus*
Action: extension and lateral rotation of hip

Gluteus Medius
Action: abduction and medial rotation of hip

Gluteus Minimus
Action: abduction and medial rotation of hip

Tensor Fasciae Latae
Action: flexion and medial rotation of hip, support and knee joint

Iliopsoas
Action: flexion of hip

Iliotibial Tract
Band of longitudinal fibers on lateral side of fascia lata, connects distally to the lateral condyle of tibia

Gracilis
Action: flexion of knee, adduction and medial rotation of hip

Gastrocnemius*
Action: ankle extension, foot inversion, and knee flexion

Soleus*
Action: ankle extension

Tibialis Anterior
Action: ankle flexion, inversion of foot

Pectineus
Action: flexion, medial rotation and adduction of hip

Plantaris
Action: ankle extension, knee flexion

Piriformis
Action: abduction of hip

Extensor Digitorum Longus
Action: extension of toes 2-5

Fibularis (peroneus) Longus*
Action: foot eversion, ankle extension

Fibularis (peroneus) Brevis*
Action:foot eversion, ankle extension

Flexor Hallucis Longus*
Action: flexion of great toe

fascia
a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle
