Cell Energy: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

These flashcards cover key vocabulary relating to cell energy, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration based on lecture notes.

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of cells that powers cellular processes.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert radiant energy, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.

Cellular Respiration

The process by which organisms convert glucose and oxygen into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.

Chlorophyll

The pigment in plants that absorbs radiant energy for photosynthesis.

Thylakoids

Disks in chloroplasts containing chlorophyll where light-dependent reactions take place.

Stroma

The liquid portion of the chloroplast where the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) occur.

Glycolysis

The breakdown of glucose into carbon molecules that occurs in the cytoplasm.

Calvin Cycle

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis that occur in the stroma to produce glucose.

Reactants of Photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide and water, used to produce glucose and oxygen.

Products of Cellular Respiration

ATP, carbon dioxide, and water, resulting from the breakdown of glucose.

Relationship between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Each process's products serve as the reactants for the other, forming a cyclic relationship.

Glucose

A simple sugar and crucial source of energy produced during photosynthesis.

Mitochondria

Organelles where cellular respiration occurs, converting glucose into ATP.

Guard Cells

Cells that surround stomata and regulate their opening and closing.

Light-Dependent Reactions

Phase of photosynthesis that converts light energy into chemical energy (ATP) in the thylakoids.

Light-Independent Reactions

The phase of photosynthesis that uses ATP to convert carbon dioxide into glucose in the stroma.