Pediatric Developmental Milestones, Emergency Signs, and Vaccination Schedule

Posterior fontanel closure

2 months

Front-to-back rolling

4 months

Back-to-front rolling

6 months

Sitting with support

6 months

Pull to stand

9 months

Pincer grasp

9 months

Walking and saying 1-2 words

12 months

Separation anxiety peak

12 months

Stridor in a child

Airway obstruction (emergency)

Priority retractions

Suprasternal, supraclavicular, sternal

Suspected epiglottitis action

Never use a tongue depressor

First steps in suspected epiglottitis

Keep calm, prepare airway, droplet precautions

Barking cough

Croup

Croup treatment

Humidified air + steroids

First intervention in bronchiolitis (RSV)

Suction the airway

RSV precaution type

Contact precautions

Best indicator of dehydration in kids

Weight loss

Severe dehydration signs

Sunken eyes/fontanel, no tears, cap refill >4 sec, oliguria, tachycardia

Pain scale for infants

FLACC

Pain scale for toddlers

FLACC or FACES

Pain scale for preschoolers

FACES

Pain scale for school-age kids

FACES or Numeric

Pain scale for adolescents

Numeric

Vaccines at 12 months

MMR, Varicella, Hep A

Vaccines at 4-6 years

DTaP, IPV, MMR, Varicella

Vaccines at 11-12 years

Tdap, HPV, Meningococcal

Vaccines with mild cold

Yes

Currant jelly stools + sausage mass

Intussusception

First-line treatment for intussusception

Air enema

Projectile vomiting + olive mass

Pyloric stenosis

Priority for pyloric stenosis

Correct dehydration → then surgery

Sudden relief of pain in appendicitis

Rupture (emergency)

Strawberry tongue + peeling hands/feet

Kawasaki disease

Treatment for Kawasaki

IVIG + aspirin

Cyanotic spells in TOF treatment

Knee-to-chest, oxygen, morphine

Rheumatic fever follows what infection

Untreated strep throat

Treatment for rheumatic fever

Penicillin + rest

Fluids for dehydration at home

Oral rehydration solution (Pedialyte)

Fluids to AVOID

BRAT diet, soda, broth

Severe dehydration IV fluid

NS or LR

Rear-facing car seat until what age

2 years

Crib slats must be how far apart

< 2 3/8 inches

Booster seat required until when

4'9" or 8-12 years old

First action for suspected lead exposure

Wet mop floors, wipe surfaces (reduce dust)

First priority in sickle cell crisis

Hydration

First action for burns

Cover with clean, dry cloth