PSY 250 unit 2 quiz questions

pragmatics

appropriate use of language in different contexts

by age 3

most children can produce all vowels and consonant sounds

theory of mind

awareness of one’s own mental processes and that of others

centration

lack of awareness that changing a container does not change the quantity/conservation of a substance

focusing on a single striking feature 

grow out of this in concrete operational 

intuitive thought

primitive reasoning/lots of questions

used by preschoolers (but also adolescents?)

avg growth rate per year for a child

2.5 in/year

symbolic function substage

ages 2-4

aility to mentally represent a not-present object

leading causes of death for 1-4 year olds in US

accidents, cancer, homicide

developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)

age appropriateness

uniqueness of the child 

erikson’s stage for preschoolers

initiative vs. guilt

gender identity acquired by

age 3

girls usually outperform boys _____ skills

fine motor

golden age of symbolic play

3-5 yrs.

social cognitive theory of gender

children learn expected behaviors through:

• rewards & punishment

• observation & imitation 

intelligence quotient

(mental age x chronological age)100

mandated IDEA services

• evaluatioan and eliigibility determination for SPED services

• IEPs

• education in least restrictive environment

children of color have higher rates of:

asthma & obesity

sternberg’s triarchic theory

types of intelligence: analytical, creative, practical

prefrontal cortex in mid-late childhood

coordinates the best neural connections for problem-solving

gifted children

precocity

passion to master 

march to their own drum

concrete operational

children can perform reversible mental actions on real objects

constructivist education approach

learner-centered w/ guidance

individuals actively assembling their understanding 

stepfamily couples that remain together

1/3

self-esteem

global evaluations of self

self-concept

domain-specific evaluations of self

adolescent egocentrism

• egocentrism

• imaginary audience

• personal fable 

• invincibility 

hormonal changes in puberty include

• testosterone increase in BOYS

• estradiol increase in GIRLS

formal operational stage

teens begin using hypothetical scenarios

entry into romantic attractions

11-13 years

social media transforms relationships by:

• changing frequency/immediacy of feedback/support 

• facilitating exclusive online/long-distance relationships 

• increasing expectations for relationships 

antisocial behavior conformity peaks in

grades 8-9

new model of parent-adolescent relationships

autonomy & attachment

moderate conflict