Arts Bootcamp

Case law

• The law as established by the outcome of former cases

  • A common term in CL is stare decisis - judicial precedent that says previous legal rulings should govern future rulings on similar legal issues

admin law

• Admin agencies that are created by state/fed governments are given authority to create rules, regulations, and orders

common law

• Consists of maxims, principles, and judicial decisions that have been passed down from 100s of years of jurisprudence

• Common law fills in the gaps of our legal system

  • It provides most of the principles that govern our basic human rights as members of society 

quasi property thoery

• Decided in Brotherton Vs. Cleveland

  • With this theory, a dead body isn’t considered property in the commercial sense, but the law does provide a bundle or rights to the NOK in relation to that body. The NOK is given the right to take the body for purposes of disposition, to allow body parts to be used within the confines of the law, to elude others from possession of the body, and to dispose of the body 

degree of kindred

• Typically goes in this order

  • Surviving spouse

  • Adult children

  • Parents

  • Adult siblings

  • Grandparents

  • Other relatives

  • In the absence of relatives some state laws provide an executor/guardian to execute the right to disposition

  • Heir - a person legally entitled to the property or rank of another on that person’s death

torts

• A violation of duties with resulting damages

• Two duties recognized by the law that impacts FS professionals are

  • 1) the duty to not interfere with the right of burial

  • 2) the duty of exercising reasonable care to keep the FH premises or other places under the control of the FD in a reasonably safe condition

  • Violations of these duties that result in damages will make the FD liable for a tort

quasi contract

• AKA implied in law contract

• Imposition (burden) of rights and obligations by law without a contract

• (ex: a tenant is supposed to pay their monthly rent of 300, but accidentally paid 400. The law requires the landlord return the repayment of 100) 

LLC

• Hybrid form of business organization that combines features of both a corporation/partnership

  • Owners are known as members

initial contact rule

• Give the name of FH and their name 

  • Avoid good morning and good evening, seasonal facilitations

personal property protocal

• BEST PRACTICE on all property forms - when an item is represented by the family as being solid gold, it should be described as ‘yellow colored metal:’ DO NOT DESCRIBE A WATCH BY USING NAME BRANDS

SSC benefits

• Two years from date of death

• 255.00 death benefit

• Spouse (even if living apart) 

• Child who is eligible for benefits on the deceased’s record in the month of death can get payment

  • Unmarried who is

    • 18 or up to 19 if they’re a full time student in elementary/secondary school

      • Age 18 or older with a disability that began before age 22

SSA 721

• - statement of death by FD

SSA 8

•  lump sum benefit, generally the application for death benefit must be filed within 2 years from the date of death 

Veteran benefits

• VA form 21-530 - burial expense reimbursements. Form must be filled within 2 years of the vet’s final disposition (cremation/burial) 

• VA 21-2008 - burial flag form

• VA 40-0247 - presidential memorial certificates

  • VA 40 - 1330 - application for headstone or marker (no time limit) 

Burial at sea

• Weight - add 150 pounds to the foot-end of the casket to ensure ‘feet first’ sinking. Sandbags are the best

• Minimum of 6 nylon or metal bands at least an inch wide. 

  • A total of 20 holes, 2 inch in diameter, are to be drilled in the caskets

after care options

• Direct = personal contact, community education programs, remembrance services

  • Indirect = literature, referrals

8 objectives of FS personnel

• Attention to detail

• Reverence for sacred objects

• Appropriate deference to clergy/officiant

• dignity/decorum

• Smoothness of procedure

• Flexibility of adaptation to various customs/cultures

• Awareness of honorarium policy/related fees

  • Awareness of local,regional, and cultural variations

islam traditions

• At time of death, courtesy call to Imam

• Eyes closed 

• Prayers recited and decedent covered

• Use of camphor or lotus leaves 

• Ghusl

  • Make arrangement for the washing of the dead and wrapping in kafan

  • Deceased will be washed an odd number of times

  • Men wash men, women wash women

• Kafan

  • 3 pieces of clothes for men

  • 5 pieces of cloth for women 

• Service

  • At mosque - mark regarding qiblah (true direction of mecca) 

  • Men will be positioned with the head at the mark of qiblah

    • Women will be positioned with waist at the mark of qiblah 

episcopal church (liturgical)

•  ceremonies similar to roman catholic church

  • Entrance rite (blessing/polling) 

  • processional/recessional with acolytes

  • Communion as part of the funeral rite

  • Flowers are NOT permitted in the nave

  • Eulogy NOT permitted

  • Rubric - book of common prayer

lutheran church

liturgical

•  ceremonies similar to the roman catholic church

  • Entrance rite (blessing/poling)

  • Processional/recessional with acolytes

  • Commission as part of the funeral rite

    • Rubrich - lutheran book of worship 

non liturgical protestant

• Will have scripture reading/sermon as part of the funeral service

• Funeral rite and customs are based on congregational and ministerial preference

• Some non-liturgical protestant groups

  • Amish

  • Mennonite

  • Baptist

  • Church of god

  • Church of Christ 

  • Apostaolic church

    • Nazarene

restoration churches

•  church of LDS, christian science, jehovah’s witnesses are not technically protestant but they ARE NON-LITURGICAL

LDS

• No honorarium required

  • Families will meet in the relief society room, or in a private room of the FH with the minister, relief society, or ward leader.

church of christ scientist

• Mother church - oldest OG church from which other like-minded congregations have sprung

• practitioner/reader - in the church of christ, scientist, one authorized to read lessons/scriptures

• Prohibits of the terms death or deceased - prefers the term ‘passed on’ 

  • Funeral service is never held at a church 

jehovah’s witness

• Elder - governing officer at a church, often having pastoral or teaching functions; specific duties dependent upon various denominations

• Kingdom hall - the worship facility for jehovah’s witnesses

• Non members of faith CAN’T speak at the funeral service

  • Approved readings and approved music 

Buddhist funeral rite

• REMEMBER the placing of items in the deceased’s mouth

• REMEMBER the use of the book of dates for proper casketing/service

  • When working, mourners may wear a black ribbon on the chest or black band on arm to symbolize mourning

Masonic Lodge

• One of the oldest/largest frat organizations in the world

  • The fraternal additions are a lambskin apron placed around the waist of the dead, and a sprig of evergreen fastened on the lapel of the deceased coat

order of eastern star

• Composed of female relatives of masons who hold a master mason degree or higher

  • Funeral service held the evening prior to the service or before leaving for the graveside/cryptside service

oder de molay

• Began in 1919 - provides leadership skills for boys 12-21

  • May offer services at home, funeral home, church, or cemetery 

national grange of the order of patrons of husbandry

• Formed in 1867, promotes agricultural regions and issues (protect farmers, ranchers, and foresters) 

  • A sprig of evergreen is placed on the casket

military organizations

• Order of participants in a military funeral cortege

  • 1) band

  • 2) escort (firing party/buglar)

  • 3) colors and guard

  • 4) clergy

  • 5) caisson and casketbearers

  • 6) honorary casketbearers (if any)

  • 7) family and friends

  • 21 individuals in a full detail

rules regarding flag display for military funerals

• Closed casket - center the flag on the casket so that the blue field is at the head and over the left shoulder of the dead

• Half couch casket - open casket, arrange the flag in 3 layers to cover the closed half of the casket. Blue field on the left, tuck white margin along the hoist of the flag under the blue field

  • Full couch casket - fold the flag into a triangle and place it in the casket cap just above the left shoulder of the deceased

pacemakers

• Veins used for pacemakers - the subclavian and cephalic vein

• Contains lithium iodide and must be removed prior to cremation with authorization

• Only licensed embalmers can remove this with family’s permission at the funeral establishment

  • Embalmers should use a semilunar incision along the superior border of the device

socialogy of FS

• The science of social groups and their effects on the funeral practices and disposition

• Begins with the initial call or arrangement conference and ends with final disposition

Psychology of FS

• Begins with the death (or impending death) and ends with the mourning process (resolution)

culture

•  - the rules, ideas, beliefs shared by members of society of and for living/dying, which are learned directly/indirectly

religion

• - a culturally entrenched pattern of behavior made up of sacred beliefs, emotional feelings accompanying the beliefs, and over conduct presumably implementing the beliefs/feelings

cremation

• The cremation process might be completed in as few as 60 minutes or take as long as 3 hours depending on the case/equipment

• Temperature - 1400 - 1800 (760 C - 982) 

  • Turbulence - created in the secondary chamber by the presence of baffled walls

trends - choosing cremation

• Cost

• Environmentally responsible (note alkaline hydrolysis) - chemicals, land

• Religious - greater acceptance

• Event planning

• Education levels

• Life expectancy 

• Migration to retirement locations 

  • Socially acceptable 

prepare deceased for visual ID

• A visual ID certifies that this is the right person beyond any doubt

• Visual ID stresses the irreversibility of the cremation process. Should always be encouraged when cremation is chosen for final disposition

• Visual ID facilitates the grieving process and establishes a basis for certifying the death has occurred

• A visual ID policy builds trust and is foundation in risk reduction

cremation facts

• Zinc - elements which can produce a white smoke which exits the charging door

• Cremation temp - 1400 - 1800 Fahrenheit of 800-1000 C

• Temporary container - urns which can be scanned by TSA

• Cremate first of day - persons of size/polished caskets

  • Cremate whenever - any sequence if no person of size or polished caskets

    • Cremate last of day - metal containers

waste type 4

• Human and animal remains, consisting of carcasses, organs and solid organic waste from hospitals, labs, abattoirs, animal pounds/similar sources

• This type of waste contains up to 85% moisture and 5% incombustible solids

  • Heating value of 1,000 BTU/Lb as fired’

cremation order part 1

1. Any casket/container that contains a body 300 lbs or heavier must be the first of the day in a cold machine

2. Highly polished caskets - highly combustible

3. Plain finished wooden caskets

4. Cardboard containers

   1. Most popular and can be cremated in any sequence

5. Particle board containers

   1. Often covered with fabric to enhance their appearance

6. Metal containers

   1. Should be LAST of the day

      1. Remove the lid prior to loading 

cremation order part 2

1. Plastic and fiberglass caskets

   1. NOT SUITABLE FOR CREMATION and MUST be REJECTED

   2. Can cause environmental problems and danger to refractory materials in the cremation chamber 

2. Soft metals 

   1. Soft metals such as zinc are sometimes used in handles and trim

   2. This material should be removed before being loaded into the cremation chamber 

3. Plastics - NOT SUITABLE FOR CREMATION

   1. Pouches - don’t require special precautions, and may be cremated whenever like cardboard

Softwoods

 woods from cone bearing (coniferous) trees

• Spruce 

• Redwood 

• Pine

  • Cedar

hardwood

deciduous tree (lose their leaves once a year) 

• Birch 

• Cherry

• Mahogany 

• Maple

• Oak 

• Pecan 

  • Walnut 

ferrous metals

• The lower the gauge the heavier the casket

• Measured by US standard gauge 

• Measured by thickness

  • Iron 

non ferrous metals

• Bronze - metal alloy consisting of 90% copper with tin and sometimes zinc comprising the other 10%

• Copper - a malleable ductile, metallic element having a characteristic reddish-brown color 

  • Brown and sharpe gauge - measurement used for non-ferrous metals (ounces) 

Cap

• Lid

• The topmost part of the casket shell

  • Includes the ogee, crown, pie, and header

crown

swell

 - the uppermost part of the casket cap

pie

fishtail

The wedge-shaped portion of the cap/lid at each end of the crown

rim/ogee

• ‘S’ shape molding that’s a component part of the casket cap

rim flange

ogee flange

• Turned under edge (horizontal) of the casket rim which contacts/touches the gasket or body ledge flange

body

• Portion of the casket containing the top body molding, body panel, base molding, and casket bottom 

base molding

• Molding along the lowermost edge of the body panel

ear

• The part of the casket handle that is attached to the casket body

  • Bail handle - a single handle is which the lug, arm, and bar are combined in one unit 

concrete sectional

• Unfinished slabs of concrete (6-8) are placed around the casket

  • Doesn’t have a bottom, allows those of orthodox faiths to touch the soil 

grave box

• Outer enclosure consisting of a body and a one or two piece lid

air seal

• Method of closure that uses the air pressure created by placing the dome of the vault onto the base of the mold

vaults

• An outer enclosure that offers protection from the earth load as well as other protective qualities

bevel top marker

• A small headstone set above the ground with a slanting top

slant marker

• A cemetery marker that has a face angle greater than 45 degrees but less than 90 degrees in relationship to the terrain

flush marker

• A headstone which is set parallel with the surrounding terrain

  • Memorial park - a cemetery that only allows flush markers

impact load

• - when a large amount of fill-dirt is dumped onto the OBC as the grave is filled

static load

•  when a grave encompasses the forces resulting from cyclic freezing/thawing of the earth

dynamic

 when heavy cemetery equipment drives over or is stationed above a grave

differential load

• when the soil from a grave under excavation is placed on top of an existing grave

grief

• An emotion/set of emotions due to loss

mourning

• Outward expression of grief (process) 

bereavement

• The act/event of separation or loss that results in the experience of grief

elizabeth kubler ross - stages of dying

• Denial

• Anger 

• Bargaining

• Depression 

  • Acceptance

4 tasks of mourning - william worden

1. To accept the reality of the loss

2. To experience the pain of grief/express emotions associated with it

3. To adjust to the environment where the deceased is missing

   1. To find enduring connection with the deceased embarking on a new life

eric lindemann

• Grief syndrome - a set of symptoms associated with loss

  • Grief work - a set of basic tasks that must be completed for successful mourning to take place

disasters

• An occurence of a severity/magnitude that normally results in death, injuries, property damage, and can’t be managed through the routine procedures and resources of the government 

  • Terror - exposure to a life-threatening situation/directly witnessing or experiencing overwhelming forces

    • Horror -seeing the conditions of victims 

achieving contact

• Establish rapport

• Convey genuine respect, trust, acceptance

  • Reassuring they can be helped

boiling down the problems

• Filtering out irrelevant data

• Identify major problems

  • Identify and legitimize the feelings/emotions of the person

coping with the problem

• Develop successful coping mechanisms and goals

• Inventory the client’s personal resources

• Formulate alternative for strategies

• Establish goals

• review/refine the plan as necessary

• Take action

  • Follow up when possible 

natural facial markings

SLAP DONNA

S - Submental Sulcus

L - Labiomental Sulcus

A- Angulus Oris Eminence

P- Philtrum

D - Dimples

O - Oblique Palpebral Sulcus

N - Nasal Sulcus

N - Nasolabial Fold

A - Angulus Oris Sulcus

acquired facial markings

- CLIMB IN POTS

C - Cords of the neck

L - Labial Sulci

I - Interciliary Sulci

M - Mandibular Sulcus

B - Bucco-Facial Sulcus

I - Inferior Palpebral Sulcus

N - Nasolabial Sulcus

P - Platysmal Sulci

O - Optic Facial Sulci

T - Transverse Frontal Sulci

S - Superior Palpebral Sulcus