HLTH 125: Chapter 6 - Cardiovascular System

circulatory system

consists of the heart and all the blood vessels in the body

cardiovascular system

consists of the heart and all the blood vessels in the body

systemic circulation

the circuit of heart structures and blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart

circulation

the movement of a fluid through a continuous circuit

coronary circulation

the circuit of blood vessels supplying blood to and from the tissues of the heart

pulmonary circulation

the circuit of heart structures and vessels that takes blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

heart

a hollow organ made up of cardiac muscles and other tissues

endocardium

the smooth, thin membrane that is the innermost lining of the heart

myocardium

the muscular middle layer of the heart to sustain continuous, synchronized contractions and retractions to pump blood

epicardium

a membrane that is the outer lining of the heart

pericardium

a tough, double-layered fibrous membrane around the heart

parietal pericardium

the outer layer of the pericardium

visceral pericardium

the inner layer of the pericardium which adheres tightly to the heart

pericardial activity

a fluid-filled cavity between the layers of the pericardium; the fluid serves as a lubricant to reduce friction

atrium

either of the two superior chambers of the heart; the entrance chambers of the heart

ventricles

either of the two inferior chambers of the heart hypotension

chamber

an enclosed space within a structure

cardiac septum

a strong, fibrous, muscular partition that separates the left and right heart chambers

bicuspid valve

the 2-cusped valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle

tricuspid valve

the 3-cusped valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle

aortic valve

the valve in the left ventricle controlling blood flow into the aorta

pulmonary valve

the valve in the right ventricle controlling blood flow into the lungs

atrioventricular valves

pertaining to a valve positioned between an atrium and a ventricle

valve

a strong, one way flap that keeps blood flowing in one direction

aorta

the largest artery; it transports oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation

artery

blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body organs/tissues

arteriole

a small artery

vena cava

the largest vein in the body; it delivers oxygenated systemic blood into the right atrium

vein

blood vessels that transport deoxygenated blood toward the heart from the body tissues/organs

venule

a small vein