chapter 11 - sexual reproduction

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8 Terms

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haploid gametes combine to form a

diploid zygote

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meiosis undergoes

2 rounds of division

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stages of meiosis

  1. G1, S, G2

  2. P, PM1, M1, A1, T1

  3. P2, PM2, M2, A2, T2

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synapsis

formation of tetrads; 2 homologous chromosomes paired together

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crossing over

2 non-sister chromatids of a homologous pair (interior chromatids of tetrad) exchange parental chromosomal material

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effect of crossing over

  • creates new hybrid chromatin

  • alleles of genes that were formerly on separate homologs can now be found on the same homologs

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result of meiosis

4 non-identical cells containing haploid sets of chromosomes

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distinct features of meiosis

  • homologous pairing w/ synapsis and crossing over

  • sister chromatids remained joined at centromeres thru meiosis