Renal System I: Body Fluids & Osmosis

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to body fluids and osmosis as discussed in the lecture.

Total Body Water (TBW)

The total amount of all fluids in the body, accounting for 45-70% of body weight.

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

Fluid contained within cells, representing two-thirds (66.6%) of total body water.

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Fluid outside the cells, constituting one-third (33%) of total body water.

Interstitial Fluid

Fluid that bathes the cells; the larger sub-compartment of ECF, representing 75% of ECF.

Plasma

The fluid component of blood; the smaller sub-compartment of ECF, representing 25% of ECF.

Osmosis

The net diffusion of water through a membrane that separates two solutions with different solute concentrations.

Osmotic Pressure

A measure of a solution's ability to pull in water from another solution through a semipermeable membrane.

Isotonic

A solution that has the same osmolarity as another solution, causing no net water shift.

Hyperosmotic

Refers to a solution with a higher osmotic pressure compared to another solution.

Hypoosmotic

Refers to a solution with a lower osmotic pressure compared to another solution.

Volume Contraction

A decrease in extracellular fluid volume, leading to volume depletion.

Volume Expansion

An increase in extracellular fluid volume, leading to volume overload.

Indicator-Dilution Method

A technique used to measure fluid volumes in body compartments by assessing the dilution of a marker substance.

Osmolality

The concentration of solute particles in a solution, expressed in osmoles per kilogram.

Osmolarity

The concentration of solute particles in a solution, expressed in osmoles per liter.

ADH (Anti-diuretic Hormone)

A hormone that regulates water retention in the kidneys and helps maintain fluid balance.