MedTerm chapter 4 refined

Arthr/o

Joint (e.g., Arthritis)

My/o

Muscle (e.g., Myalgia)

Oste/o

Bone (e.g., Osteoporosis)

Chondr/o

Cartilage (e.g., Chondromalacia)

-algia

Pain (e.g., Arthralgia)

-itis

Inflammation (e.g., Tendinitis)

-oma

Tumor (e.g., Sarcoma)

-pathy

Disease (e.g., Osteopathy)

Kyph/o

Hump (e.g., Kyphosis)

Scoli/o

Crooked (e.g., Scoliosis)

Clavicle

Collarbone

Femur

Thigh bone (longest bone in the body)

Patella

Kneecap

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Vertebrae

Spinal bones (Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccyx)

Tibia

Shin bone

Humerus

Upper arm bone

Synovial joints

Freely movable (e.g., knee, shoulder)

Cartilage

Cushions joints (e.g., Meniscus in the knee)

Ligament

Connects bone to bone

Tendon

Connects muscle to bone

Bursa

Fluid-filled sac reducing friction

Osteoporosis

Porous, brittle bones

Arthritis

Joint inflammation (e.g., Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Fracture

Broken bone (types: Compound, Greenstick)

Scoliosis

Abnormal lateral spine curvature

Kyphosis

Hunchback (excessive thoracic curvature)

Lordosis

Swayback (excessive lumbar curvature)

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Median nerve compression in wrist

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Soft tissue imaging

X-ray (Radiography)

Bone imaging

Arthroscopy

Minimally invasive joint exam

ORIF (Open Reduction Internal Fixation)

Surgical fracture repair

NSAIDs

Anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., Ibuprofen)

DEXA

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (bone density test)

RA

Rheumatoid Arthritis

OA

Osteoarthritis

Fx

Fracture

ROM

Range of Motion