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free association

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therapeutic technique central
to psychoanalysis in which the therapist
encourages patients to report, without
restriction, any thoughts that occur to them no
matter how irrelevant, unimportant, or unpleasant

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what is the fundamental role in psychoanalysis

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Free association

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50 Terms

1
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free association

therapeutic technique central
to psychoanalysis in which the therapist
encourages patients to report, without
restriction, any thoughts that occur to them no
matter how irrelevant, unimportant, or unpleasant

2
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what is the fundamental role in psychoanalysis

Free association

3
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resistance

in psychoanalysis, when unwilling to disclose painful memories.

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Freud believed ______ caused those
memories to be repressed in the unconscious

resistance

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unconscious

the depository of hidden wishes, needs, and conflicts of which the person is unaware and filled
with sexual and aggressive impulses, and
unresolved issues

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Freud believed a great deal of our behavior is
________ driven

unconsciously

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dreams

the royal road to the unconscious

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dream analysis

psychoanalytic technique used
to probe the unconscious through interpretation
of the patient’s dreams

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Dream Analysis Process

analyze and interpret the symbols
present in the manifest content in an attempt to
discover the latent content or hidden meanings.
Believed symbols had universal meanings.

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Freud’s 3 parts of mental life

conscious, preconscious, and unconscious

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conscious

the ideas and sensations of which we
are aware

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preconscious

contains the experiences that are
unconscious but that could be conscious easily

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unconscious

contains the experiences and
memories of which we are not aware

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instincts

the driving forces in personality, govern behavior, and motivate to seek gratification and
homeostasis.

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Two main instincts that motivate us

life and death

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life instincts

instinctive urges to preserve life, includes basic needs.

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libido

originally sexual instincts, later revised to
psychic and pleasurable gratification of life
instincts.

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death instincts

instincts to return to a state of balance, free of painful struggles before death. As a result,
comes aggression

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three systems of the mind

id, ego, and superego

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Id

The pleasure principle

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Id

Original aspect of personality, rooted biologically,
consisting of unconscious sexual and aggressive
instincts.

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Id

Immediate gratification

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Ego

The executive functioning of personality.
Aims to balance the needs of the id and the
extremes of the superego in appropriate and
realistic ways.

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Superego

Strives for perfectionism

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Superego

Internalization of societal values instilled
primarily by parents to teach right and wrong
responses in given situations. Results in
satisfaction or guilt and shame

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Superego

where our conscious comes from

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Defense mechanisms

protect people against pain and are universal reactions, all meant to keep anxiety at bay

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repression

unconsciously banish painful memories from consciousness

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suppression

active and conscious attempt to stop anxiety-provoking thoughts by simply not thinking about them. (Stored in the preconscious)

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denial

refusal to perceive an unpleasant event
in reality

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displacement

unconsciously redirect anger on substitute objects or people

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sublimation

form of displacement, though done by
displacing anger on ones socially acceptable.

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regression

movement from mature behavior to
immature behavior.

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projection

attributing our own undesirable
characteristics on to others

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reaction formation

convert undesirable characteristics to their opposites

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rationalization

justification of behavior through
the use of plausible, but inaccurate, excuses

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intellectualization

dissociation between thoughts and feelings with elaborate rationale to explain unbearable pain

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undoing

performing an act to nullify or make amends for an undesirable one

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Psychosexual development

personality develops biologically
through a series of stages in which particular
behaviors occur in each

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Stages of development

Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital

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Fixation

defensive attachment to an earlier as a
result of a traumatic experience in a particular
stage

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Oedipal complex

in the phallic stage, boys develop a sexual longing for their mother and sees their father his rival.

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Oedipal complex results in what?

development of the superego

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Electra complex

in the phallic stage, penis envy causes love for their father because he has the desired object

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Electra complex results in what?

inadequate superegos

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Freud’s three major assessment techniques

free association, dream analysis, and transference

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Transference

characterized by ambivalence, attitudes of both affection and hostility, toward “parents” and are displaced onto the therapist

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positive transference

special affection toward the therapist, usually develops first (praise, trust, falling in love)

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counter transference

therapist’s reaction with personal feelings toward the patient

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negative transference

showing anger and hostility toward the therapist