Urinary Elimination

A set of flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to urinary elimination based on the lecture notes.

Nephron

The functional unit of the kidney, responsible for the formation of urine.

Filtration

The process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood to form urine.

Reabsorption

The process by which the kidneys absorb water and necessary substances back into the blood.

Secretion

The process of transferring substances from the blood into the urine.

Anuria

Failure to produce or excrete urine.

Oliguria

Reduced urine volume.

Polyuria

Excessive volume of urine produced.

Dysuria

Painful urination.

Hematuria

Abnormal presence of red blood cells in the urine.

Urinary retention

Inability of the bladder to empty.

UTI (Urinary Tract Infection)

Infection in any part of the urinary system, commonly causing symptoms like frequent urination and burning during urination.

Creatinine

A waste product from muscle metabolism used to assess kidney function.

Specific gravity

A measure of the concentration of solutes in urine.

Leukocyte esterase

An enzyme present in white blood cells, indicating infection or inflammation in the urinary tract.

Culture and sensitivity testing

A laboratory test used to diagnose urinary tract infections by identifying causative organisms and determining effective antibiotics.

Cystoscopy

A procedure to examine the bladder and urethra using a cystoscope.

Kegel exercises

Pelvic floor exercises to strengthen muscles and help with urinary incontinence.

Cutaneous ureterostomy

A surgical procedure where the ureter is brought to the surface of the abdomen to divert urine.

Urinary catheterization

The process of inserting a catheter into the bladder to drain urine.

Overflow incontinence

Inability to completely empty the bladder, leading to constant dribbling.