HIS 201 Quiz Review

This flashcard set covers key terms from HIS 201 including Native American civilizations, European exploration, colonial development, and religious movements.

Aztecs

Located in Mexico; powerful empire when Corts arrived.

Bering Land Bridge

Connected Asia and North America.

Clovis

Earliest widely recognized Native American culture.

Cahokia

Largest Mississippian city.

Chaco Canyon

Major Anasazi settlement.

Algonquins

Atlantic Coast and Great Lakes.

Longhouses

Homes of Iroquois and Hurons.

Agriculture

Allowed permanent settlements and population growth.

Native American Immunity

Native Americans lacked immunity to many European diseases.

Olmecs

First major Mesoamerican civilization.

Walter Raleigh

Sponsored Roanoke.

Gilbert

Early failed English colonization effort.

Amerigo Vespucci

America named after him.

Portugal

Led early exploration.

Prince Henry the Navigator

Sponsored Portuguese voyages.

Columbus

Made four voyages.

Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria

Columbus's ships.

Exploration motives

Wealth and Christianity.

Martin Luther

Began Protestant Reformation.

Salvation by faith alone

Luther's teaching.

John Calvin

Predestination.

Henry VIII

Founded Church of England.

Columbian Exchange

Exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people.

Treaty of Tordesillas

Divided land between Spain and Portugal.

Jamestown

First permanent English colony.

John Smith

Helped Jamestown survive.

John Rolfe

Introduced tobacco.

Tobacco

Made Virginia profitable.

House of Burgesses

First representative government.

Mercantilism

Colonies benefited England.

Favorable balance of trade

Goal of mercantilism.

Navigation Acts

Controlled colonial trade.

Indentured servants

Received passage to America.

Bacon's Rebellion

Frontier revolt in Virginia.

Chesapeake

Tobacco economy.

South Carolina

Rice economy.

Georgia

Buffer and charitable colony.

Puritans

Reform Church of England.

Separatists

Leave Church of England.

Mayflower Compact

Self-government agreement.

John Winthrop

Massachusetts Bay leader.

City Upon a Hill

Winthrop's vision.

Roger Williams

Founded Rhode Island.

Religious freedom

Associated with Roger Williams and the Quakers.

Anne Hutchinson

Challenged Puritan authority.

William Penn

Founded Pennsylvania.

Quakers

Group associated with religious freedom in Pennsylvania.

Salem Witch Trials

Fear of supernatural forces.

St. Lawrence River

Center of French settlement.

Jesuits

French missionaries.

Beaver Wars

Iroquois vs. Hurons.

New Netherland

Became New York.

Philadelphia

Largest colonial city.

Natural increase

Births exceed deaths.

Population growth

Result of births, immigration, and slave imports.

George Whitefield

Great Awakening preacher.

Jonathan Edwards

Revival preacher.

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

Edwards sermon.

Great Awakening

Religious revival.

Baptist and Presbyterian churches

Churches that grew during the Great Awakening.

Enlightenment

Reason and science.

Benjamin Franklin

Leading Enlightenment figure.

Task System

Slaves completed tasks then had personal time.

Female slaves

Valued because children became slaves.

Texas

Buffer against French expansion.

California

Spain's last major colonial project.

Comanches

Called themselves Numunuu ("The People").