Seven Major Perspectives in Psychology (Quick Reference)

Psychodynamic Perspective

Behavior is shaped by unconscious thoughts, feelings, and early childhood experiences.

Behavioral Perspective

Behavior is learned from environmental stimuli and reinforcement; focuses only on observable actions.

Cognitive Perspective

Behavior is understood by studying mental processes like thinking, perception, and memory.

Sociocultural Perspective

Behavior and thinking are heavily influenced by social situations and cultural context.

Biological Perspective

Behavior and mental processes are determined by biological factors such as genetics, brain structure, and hormones.

Evolutionary Perspective

Behaviors and mental traits evolved through natural selection for adaptation and survival.

Humanistic Perspective

Individual potential of growth; holistic view of person; self concept