stats - change under mao 1949-63

when was thought reform

1950

how many executed for zhen fan

2m

how many sent to ‘reform through labour’ camps/ laogai

1m

how many people attended over 30,000 execution rallies

3m

when was 3/5 anti campaigns

1951

3 anti

corruption, waste, bureaucracy

5 antis

bribery, fraud, theft of state property, tax evasion, sabotage

how many letters recieved in 1st month in shanghai

200,000

how many businessmen in shanghai were found guilty for atleast 1 crime

99%

which class was the main target of 3/5 anti campaigns

middle class

when was agarian reform law

30 june 1950

how much land redistributed - agrarian reform law

40% of farmland

how many landlords killed - agrarian reform law

2-4m

what meetings were held - agrarian reform law

speak bitterness

average farm size

2.5 acres

mutual aid teams households - 1952

5-15

mutual aid teams peasants - 1952

40%

mutual aid teams: state

shared animals and equipment

mutual aid teams vs agrarian reform law

gave peasants equipment

peasants still owned land

elementary cooperatives vs mutual aid teams

peasants owned land but permanently loaned to the cooperative

peasants paid for their land

profits shared according to work put in

cooperatives were able to buy better seeds and machinery

elementary cooperative date

1953

elementary cooperatives households

100-300

higher cooperatives date

1956

higher cooperatives households

100-300

higher cooperatives vs elementary cooperatives

private ownership of land abolished

peasants only allowed to retain small lots of land for private use

peasants paid wages rather than paying for rent

how many peasants in collective farms - higher cooperatives by 1957

90%

failures of collectivisation

food shortages, millions left countryside, zhou and liushaoqi opposed it (advocated gradual change)

when was people’s bank produced

1951

how much provided from nationalisation of railways etc.

2/3 state treasure annual income

how much peasant’s harvest sold to gov.

15-20%

how many engineers and planning experts did ussr provide

10,000

when was 1st five year plan

1953-7

how many factories and pants built in manchuria/central china - 1st 5 year plan

700

how many factories supplied by ussr - 1st 5 year plan

156

when was all remaining private industry nationalised

1st 5 year plan

how much did steel and iron output exceed by 1957

steel 300%, iron 200%

how many people were literate in 1949

20%

how much did literacy rate increase by 1980

90%

what were students indoctrinated in

marxist leninism

what popular education campaign

teachers taught children in the day and adults at night

who did anti-rightist movement target

ccp members who opposed collectivisation/favoured capitalism

how many ‘rightists’ purged

550,000

when was 2nd 5 year plan/great leap forward

1958-61

how many years did mao fantasize about taking over gb

15 years

how many households in a commune

5,000

how many communes by 1958

25,000

how many peasants were in communes by 1958

99%

cause of fall of agricultural output

peasants diverted to industry

weather during great leap forward

doughts and floods 1959-1960

how many farms affected by weather from 1959-60

55%

what did liu say ab the great leap forward

‘the disaster was 70% man-made’

by how much did communes reduce by its original size

1/3

was private plots returned to peasants post great leap forward

yes

how much did grain production fall post great leap forward

25%

how much did pigs population fall post great leap forward

40%

when did china import grain from abroad and impose strict rationing

1961

which discredited soviet biologist did mao follow

trofim lysenko

when were soviet technicians withdrawn from china

1960

targets from 15years to overtake gb turned to..

2 years

how much did industrial output decrease in 1960-2

halved

when did china sign treaty of friendship w ussr

1950

treaty of friendship gain

300m loans and 10,000 experts

treaty of friendship loss

cede mineral rights, high interest charged, ports

ussr influence on china policies

nationalisation, collectivisation, 5 year plans

how much of china’s exports went towards russia in 1950s

60%

china’s air force size due to soviet weapons

3rd largest air force

when did china invent the bomb w soviet help

1964

what did soviets build (hint: reactor)

heavy-water reactor