Intermediate 1: Relative Pronouns

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for exam 3

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8 Terms

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General use for relative pronouns

  • introduces a subordinate clause that precises or completes the noun

  • a relative pronoun in French will always directly agree with the noun it is attached to

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Relative pronoun ‘QUI’

  • makes agreement with the antecedent

  • will us when its antecedent is the subject of the subordinate relative

  • can refer to people or things

EX: j’ai beaucoup aimé le nouveau film qui passe au cinema (qui represents ‘le nouveau film’, the subject of passe)

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Relative pronoun ‘QUE’

  • object direct, will turn into qu’vowel + h

  • will use when the antecedent is a COD - has to make agreement in the verb following after the subject following

EX: j’aime les chats que ma grand-mère possède (in this case, verbs that take avoir will agree with the antecedent)

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Relative pronoun ‘DONT’

  • object of the preposition ‘de’ + ‘des’

  • compliment of a verb/adjective constructed with ‘de’ (which

EX: le livre dont j’ai besoin a disparu (besoin de)

  • could also mean whose

EX: les copies dont le professeur est satisfait 

  • the way in which = “la façon dont”/”la maniére dont”

EX: j’ai aimé la maniére dont il m’a répondu

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Relative pronoun ‘OÙ’

  • where/when

  • where: d’où, par où, jusqu’où

EX: c’est un endroit où nous venons souvent

  • the antecedent is a compliment or an adverb of time/place in the relative subordinate

  • could also mean when/just as/the day (when)/ the year (when)/ that

EX: il a fait très beau la semaine où nous étions en vacances

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La fois où vs. la derniére fois que (QUAND VS OÙ)

  • où: precise moment (pronom relatif)

  • quand: vague moment (when)

Idiomatique expressions: la fois où, la première fois que, au moment où, maintenant que

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ce qui. ce que. ce dont

  • when the antecedent isn’t specified or specific

  • to translate ‘what’

EX: mange ce qui est dans ton assiete, regarde ce que j’ai trouvé, dis-moi ce dont tu as besoin

  • after ‘tout’ —> everything (that)

EX: apporte-moi tout ce qui se trouve, ainsi que tout ce que j’ai mis, tout ce dont j’ai envie en ce moment c’est toi

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Notes on relative pronouns

  • the antecedent coming directly before the relative pronoun can be a noun or a pronoun

  • QUI vs QUE: qui is a subject of the relative preposition, que is a COD of the relative preposition