D10 - Cytology Quiz

Which growth stage is this hair in?

telogen; resting (telogen is tapered

• most hair in cat ad dog

Which growth stage is this hair in?

anagen (bulb)

• more prminant that need regularly grooming eg poodle, maltese, shitszu.

• lviing hair, vulnerable to cuytotocic, and chemo drug

• fre is normal, fully telogen coat ith aopexia= endocrinopahthy

What do these signify

self induced trauma

• broken hair tip

Normal or abnormal hair shafts?

micromelanosomes

• small and regular parcel of melanin

• synthesised by epidermal melanocyte and incorporated into skin and hair keratinocyte, govern skin and hair colour

What are these hair structures?

macromelanosomes

• pigmentary dilution

• eg yorkshire, silver lab, blue doberman

What has happened to these hair shafts?

crushed , regular spaced crush artefact from forept

plastic or rubber cover can avoid

Sample from a “dandruffy” rabbit! What can you see?

knits glued on; gratiella mites

• parisitt

• dc

What is wrong with these hairs?

damaged cortex by dermatophytosis

• ectothrix spore, loss of normal structure, notmal cuticle, cortex and medulla

not always present

What has happened to these hairs?

• This poodle developed alopecia following treatment with prednisolone & azathioprine for IBD

teisted, pinched, broken

interrupted groeth,

anagen defluxation from azathioprine

iatrogenic hyperadrenaocorticism (dc)+ pregnancy etc

What are these structures?

what can they indicate?

follicular cast (looks like brush tips)

asociated iwthe endocrinopathy can form

Another hair pluck with follicular casts; what else can you see?

demodex (canis/ injaines dc)

What is this?

fleas faeces

• overgrooming animal (++)

comma dog shape

Why is this dog itchy?

where would you find them?

when do you find them

harvest mite orange crawlingmite

trabeculi autumani, hotspot in summer and

betweeen toes, cutaneous pocket

Otic cytology in an itchy cat

ocotdectes sino

Low power normal skin cytology what can you see?

keratinocyte

Name all the cells that you can see

malessezia pappidomatous

what are these

bacteria;conchiformibius

• aka simonsiella k=formally

• add

What are these cells and what do they indicate?

eosinophil; indicate hypersensitivity and allergu

MCt, meets in dorse

What are these cells

degranulated eosinophil

• cytoplasm not intact

• either deut o exceeed capacity or artefact

Interpret this impression smear

staph, rods, no inflammatory cell

• bacterial overgrome sysdome

• normal— inflmamtion— dysbiosis— infection

Identify the cells on this aspirate

giant cell (non nucleated macrophage)

add

What can you see on this aspirate?

hyphae

dermatophyte mycetoma

• persian cat and yorkie, subcut nodule

What are these (aspirate from a nodule in a cat)?

cryptococcus

• nodule on front of nose—> laser

identify cell

macrophage, degen beutrophil, ingeted neutrophil, plasma cell, RBC.

• likely sterile ptogranuloma but special stain and culture needed to rule out infection

staph

netrosis by neutrophil (release nuclear material from cell)

c (asso w staph pyoderma)

what is this

Interpret this otic impression smear

biofilm (comonly prodced by pseudomona)

(rods) psedomonas, e,coli, proteas, Proteus mirabilis, caranibacter, klepsialis ( in the ear)

Identify the cells on this impression from a crust

neutrophil, non degenerate

acantholytic keratinocyte

rbc

• propb pemphigus foliaceus

• or dermatophytosis (if hyphae sen), pyoderma

Epidermal collarettes

• Highly specific for staphylococcal pyoderma

• Rare in pemphigus foliaceus

• Useful to help differentiate these conditions

infection

as intracellular

Identify these cells and make the diagnosis (aspirate from a rapidly growing nodule in a dog)

macrophage eosinophil, neutrophil

nodules on paitient

eosinmphillic furunculosis/ granuloma/ usually due to plant or insects,

mosquito bite hpersensitivity, catapillar

Another nodule in a dog; what is your interpretation?

epithelial cell;

• one cell type so probably neoplastic rather than inflammatory

Another skin mass! What is your interpretation?

mast cells.

• periton—> send home and come hom.

• can cause anaphylaxis—> adrenaline

  • firstshock organ: liver then gut in dog

Rapidly growing mass in a young dog; what is it?

histiocytoma, round cell to=umour

• most go away in couple wwek- months)

Another rapidly growing mass in young dog; what is it?

spindle cell tumous

• marked pleomorphism

What is this? Same dog as the previous slide

mitotic figure— malignacy

Lymph node aspirate; what’s going on here?

neutrophil, protozoa

macrophage with intracytoplasmic organism

• leishmania

  • mediterranian, sandfly, warm, dusk and dawn, female

  • us hunting beagles

Aspirates from enlarged lymph nodes...

• whcih is neoplastic and which is reactive (non neoplastic)

uniform, macrophage, neutrophil (L)

aniosocytosis (R)

itchy and crusty donkey: whta samples would you take?

• hair pluck(100-200), citrate, scarpe

• scrape, pluck, smear

name the cell

cocci, denegerate neutrophil, acantholytic keratinocyte (can be both pyo and pf)

• pyoderma

• pemficous follicu

• —> differentiate by clean=ring pyo, then see if acantholytic kera is associated with pf

A feather plucking Eclectus parrot What samples would you take?

feather pluck skin scrape

snowsprint: malassezia overgroath

• always secondary

a hair pluck from balding dog

twisted , misshapen, split and broken hair,

• follicular dysplasia

irish water dog etc, curly coat retriever, black dogs.