Pageant Chap. 18

What was a southern "fire eater"?

A Southerner who was very much in support of slavery and its expansion in to the newly acquired Mexican territory.

Why did General Lewis Cass have a problem being a candidate for the Democratic platform in 1848?

Because his name rhymed with jackass (symbol of the Democrats).

What policy was Lewis Cass best known for in relation to the newly acquired territory from Mexico?

Allowing "Popular Sovereignty" to decide whether slaver would be extended into the new territory.

What was the one fatal defect of this policy?

It could spread the blight of slavery

Who was the hero of "Buena Vista" who will be elected president in 1848?

Zachary Taylor

What political party was he a part of?

Whigs

This third party made no bones about their stance on slavery and the newly acquired Mexican Territory.

Free-Soilers

What major political party will be formed in 1854 with members from the answers in questions #6 and #7?

Republican Party

What process did California skip when they applied for admission to the Union?

They bypassed the territorial stage.

What body of Congress was the South concerned about in keeping equal? Why?

Senate; The House would ban slavery (larger population than the South which meant more representatives), but the Senate wouldn't.

What was the balance of slave and free states in 1849?

15 each

This woman will be most responsible for the Underground Railroad?

Harriet Tubman

In what year was the first stringent fugitive-slave law passed by Congress? What did this law concern?

1793; escaped slaves must be returned from the North if law enforcement officials are aware that the slaves were property of Southerners. Most Northerners didn't help return slaves.

Who was known as the "immortal trio" in the Senate? What States and region was each of the "trio" from?

Henry Clay—Kentucky (West); Daniel Webster—Massachusetts (East); John C. Calhoun—South Carolina (South)

Which was known as the "Great Nullifier"? Why?

John C. Calhoun—he tried to have bills associated with tariffs and slavery nullified.

This Compromise will settle the battle over the newly acquired Mexican territory until the Civil War.

Compromise of 1850

How did the terms of the Compromise of 1850 favor the North's and South's interests?

North: California admitted as a free state, Territory disputed by Texas and New Mexico to be surrendered to New Mexico, Abolition of the slave trade (but not slavery) in the District of Columbia[South: The remainder of the Mexican Cession area to be formed into the territories of NM and UT w/o restriction on slavery, hence open to popular sovereignty; Texas to receive $10 million from the gov't as compensation (gave up the Texas antenna) ; A more stringent fugitive-slave law.

Who is the father of this Compromise...go figure? Who actually got the bill passed in Congress? How?

Henry Clay; Stephen Douglas; by breaking the Omni-bus bill into sections.

What is the conspiracy about the death of Zachary Taylor?

That he was poisoned because he was going to veto the Compromise of 1850 (actually dug him up, but didn't find any proof).

Who became president upon the death of Zachary Taylor?

Millard Fillmore

What was the nickname of the new fugitive Slave Law of 1850? Why?

"the Bloodhound Bill" It allowed masters to retrieve their escaped slaves with the help of the federal government.

Why did this Act cause discomfort in the North?

The people in the North will now be exposed to the harsh reality of slavery and the retrieval of former slaves—some whom were not slaves at all!!!

Some states passed "personal liberty laws". What did they allow?

It denied local jails to federal officials and otherwise hampered enforcement of the fugitive slave act.

What did the time period between the Compromise of 1850 to the start of the Civil War allow the North to do?

Accumulate the material and moral strength for victory in the Civil War (Uncle Tom's Cabin - 2 years after Compromise).

This man will become president in the election of 1852 and was known as the "Fainting General"?

Franklin Pierce

What was the Democratic slogan in 1852?

We Polked 'em in '44; we'll Pierce 'em in '52'. Love it and helps you remember who is POTUS in 44 and 52!

What doomed the Whigs platform of 1852?

They praised the Compromise of 1850 as a lasting arrangement (Dems didn't like it as much).

Which treaty in 1850 will prove later to be a ball and chain concerning the building of the Panama Canal? Why was it considered a ball and chain for the United States? What treaty in 1901 will be signed by the US and Britain that will nullify the Clayton-Bulwer treaty?

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty; We promised to very build a canal that would benefit the US over British interest who owned a lot of land in Central America; Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

This Commodore will travel to Japan and open up trade with the Orient?

Matthew C. Perry

What caused the Japanese to stop and gawk when the Commodore disembarked from his ship and met the Japanese minister?

A black man carrying the flag of their ship. Probably first man of color they had ever seen.

The hopeful expansion of slavery to this Spanish owned Caribbean country will cause many of the "best families" of the South to lose family members?

Cuba

Hoping to spread slavery south what did the Ostend Manifesto try and do for the United States?

Purchase Cuba for $120 million

Who leaked the secret information about the Ostend Manifesto to the press which embarrassed Franklin Pierce?

Free Soil Party members

Who was responsible for the arrangement of the Gadsden Purchase? Why was he?

Jefferson Davis; He saw the need for a southern route for a railroad.

What state will be affected most by the Gadsden Purchase in the future?

AZ baby!!!

This politician from Illinois will be known as the "Little Giant" and will be the father of what famous Act in 1854?

Stephen A. Douglas; Kansas-Nebraska Act

What did the Act in #36 propose?

It would slice the Territory of Nebraska into two territories of Kansas and Nebraska and slavery would be settled by popular sovereignty.

What massacre will take place in 1856 because of the Kansas/Nebraska Act? Who was the leader of the massacre (radical abolitionist)?

Pottawatomie Massacre; John Brown

What former Compromises did the Kansas-Nebraska Act come into conflict with formally and informally? How did it?

Compromise of 1820--Because slavery was supposed to closed above the 36° 30′ line. Compromise of 1850 by northern opinion repealing the fugitive slave act indirectly.

Which Democratic president will be elected in 1856 (only president from PA)? How long will it be until another Democrat will be elected President? Who will it be?

James Buchanan, 28 years, Grover Cleveland

The Republican Party got its start mainly in what two states in 1854?

Wisconsin and Michigan

When the Republican Party emerged in ______, it combined the following parties:

1856; disgruntled Whigs, Democrats, Free-Soilers, Know-Nothings, and other foes of the K/N Act.

Was the Republican Party ever considered a third party? Why/Why not?

No. Because of its rapid ascension.

Place the following in chronological order: Kansas-Nebraska Act, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Compromise of 1850, Gadsden Purchase, California gold rush, Compromise of 1820, Hartford Convention.

Hartford Convention, Compromise of 1820, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, CA gold rush, Compromise of 1850, Gadsden Purchase, Kansas-Nebraska Act