DNA Polymerase
Enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, using a DNA template.
Topoisomerase
Enzyme that relieves strain while DNA is being unwound by DNA helicase.
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Vocabulary flashcards related to molecular biology techniques and concepts discussed in the lecture notes.
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DNA Polymerase
Enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from deoxyribonucleotides, using a DNA template.
Topoisomerase
Enzyme that relieves strain while DNA is being unwound by DNA helicase.
CRISPR
A biotechnology technique used to edit genes within organisms.
PCR
A laboratory technique for amplifying DNA segments.
Hybridization Temperature
Temperature at which half of the DNA strands are in the double-helical state and half are in the random coil state.
Plasmid
A small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA.
Blunt Ends
Having ends that are flat and even, without any single-stranded overhangs.
Ligase
Enzyme that catalyzes the joining of two large molecules by forming a new chemical bond.
Ampicillin
An antibiotic used in molecular biology to select for bacteria that have been successfully transformed with a plasmid containing the ampicillin resistance gene.
Cohesive Vector
A vector with single-stranded overhangs that can form complementary base pairs with other DNA fragments.
TOPO TA Cloning
Technique using an enzyme to catalyzes the joining of DNA fragments with complementary overhangs.
Recombination
A process in molecular biology where DNA fragments with homologous ends are joined together.
Restriction Site
Specific sequences recognized by restriction enzymes where they cut DNA.
Micro RNA
Small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by binding to messenger RNA.
mRNA Degradation
The degradation of mRNA molecules, preventing protein synthesis.
BAX
A protein that promotes apoptosis (programmed cell death).
Bioblock
Prefix and suffix sequences flanking a gene, providing restriction sites for assembly.
3A Assembly
A method of assembling multiple DNA fragments into a vector using compatible restriction sites.
cDNA
Complementary DNA, synthesized from mRNA using reverse transcriptase.
T7 Promoter
A specific sequence on a DNA molecule that is recognized by RNA polymerase, initiating transcription.
Directional Cloning
Having two different restriction sites at the ends of a DNA fragment, ensuring it can only be inserted into a vector in one orientation.
Cloning Verification
Process of culturing bacterial colonies to confirm successful cloning.
Partial Digestion
Cutting DNA molecules incompletely, resulting in fragments of various sizes.