atomic structure - chem

quanta

the discrete amount of energy absorbed

2 limitations of BOHR model

couldn’t account for hydrogen emission spectrum

electron was considered only as a particle

what does the quantum model explain

why the electrons are quantised and why they only exist at certain energy levels

distinguish between the BOHR model and the quantum mechanical model

orbit in bohr model - fixed, circular path where a 2d electron travels around nucleus

orbital in quantum model - 3d region of space where there is high probability of finding an electron

isotopes

atoms of same element with different mass number

penetration effect

how close an electron can get to the nucleus

aufbau principle

order of filling orbitals and electronic configurations

QN - n describes

size and energy

QN - l describes

shape (s,p,d,f)

QN - mI describes

orientation in space (-I → 0 → +I)

QN - ms describes

spin of the electron (+1/2 or -1/2)