Anatomy Lecture on the Skeletal System

These flashcards cover key concepts and details discussed in the lecture regarding the human skeletal system, including bone types, structures, and functions.

How many total bones are in the human skeleton?

206 total bones.

What are the two main components of the skeleton?

Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.

How many bones are associated with the axial skeleton?

80 bones.

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

126 bones.

What is the term for an enlarged end of a bone that forms a joint?

Condyle.

What is a foramen?

A hole through a bone.

What does the term process refer to in bone anatomy?

A bulge of bone, often for muscle attachment.

What forms the cranial cavity in the skull?

8 cranial bones.

How many facial bones are there?

14 facial bones.

What is the purpose of sutures in the skull?

Sutures are immovable joints between skull bones.

What is a fontanelle?

Soft spots in a baby's skull that allow for growth and flexibility.

What are the four pairs of sinuses?

Frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid sinuses.

What is the largest opening in the skull?

Foramen magnum.

What is the hyoid bone known for?

The hyoid bone is the only bone in the body not directly connected to another bone.

What are the three types of vertebrae in the spinal column?

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar vertebrae.

What are intervertebral discs?

Cushioning pads between vertebrae that absorb shock.

What is the significance of the cervical vertebrae C1 and C2?

C1 allows the skull to nod and rotate on C2, which has a dens for rotation.

What are the primary functions of the rib cage?

Protect the heart and lungs, support the thoracic cavity.

What characterizes true ribs?

True ribs connect directly to the sternum.

What are the pelvic girdle's components?

Two hip bones (os coxae) that fuse from three separate bones.

How many bones are in the arm and hand?

60 bones (from pectoral girdle to fingers).