IB Lang and Lit Paper 2

Anaphora

Repeating words at the start of consecutive clauses.

Epistrophe

Repeating words at the end of consecutive clauses.

Ellipses (...)

Indicates omission or a pause, often showing a character's hesitation or a breakdown in power

Dash (-)

Used to indicate an interruption or an abrupt change in thought (use "dash" instead of em-dash in your exam)

Paradox

statement that seems contradictory but reveals a deeper truth

Types of monologue

confrontational, dramatic, internal

Types of diction

High/Formal, Low/Informal, Archaic: Outdated language, Concrete vs. Abstract: Tangible objects vs. ideas like "freedom" or "justice.", Denotative vs. Connotative: Literal meaning vs. the emotional associations

Foil

A character who contrasts with another to highlight specific qualities (e.g., Ismene is a foil to Antigone)

Motif

A recurring element that strengthens a theme.

Mirroring/Parallelism

Using similar structures or events to compare two situations.

Emblem

An object representing a quality or concept (more fixed than a symbol).

Juxtaposition

Placing two things side-by-side to highlight differences.

Point of Views:

Setting

confined, dystopian,

Pathetic Fallacy

When the environment mirrors the character's emotions or the mood of a scene (e.g., a brewing thunderstorm reflecting mounting conflict) (Kathleens reaction to Vietnam and the butterflies surrounding the land in TTTC)