Cytology

Plasma Membrane

Determines what enters and leaves the cell

Cytoplasm

Consists of cytosol and organelles

Centriole

Needed for cell division (Churros)

Centrosome

Pair of two centrioles

Golgi Apparatus

Packages proteins and lipids for transport

Lysosome

Cells digestive system/ breaks down waste

Peroxisome

Breaks down more toxic waste

Mitochondria

Where ATP is produced

Nucleolus

where ribosomes are produced

Ribosome

Create proteins/protein sythesis

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Protein synthesis, and folding with ribosomes attached

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Makes cholesterol, lipids, and calcium storage

Chromatin

Long strands of DNA

Nuclear Envelope

Separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm

Nuclear Pore

Where materials leave

Microville

FInger like-line the digestive tract to absorb

Cilia

Hair like-move/sweep things along outside the cell

Brownian Movement

Random movement displayed by small particles that are suspended in liquid

Concentration Gradient

The difference in the concentration of substance between two regions

Crenation

Cell shrinks

Diffusion

particles moving from high concentration to low concentration

Filtration

Moving from high pressure to low pressure

Hemolysis

Cell ruptures

Osmosis

Water follows high solute concentration

Selective Permeability

Only allows some molecules to pass through

Solute

A dissolving substance

Solvent

A substance that disolves a solute

Solution

A mixture when a solute dissolves into a solvent

Hypertonic

A higher concentration of solute

Hypotonic

A lower concentration of solute

Isotonic

An equal concentration of solute and solvent

Mitosis

The process of cell replication

Chromatid

When chromosomes are connected to their copy

Chromatin

Long strand of DNA

Chromosome

Condensed DNA

Cleavage Furrow

Pinch of the cytoplasm during cytokinesis

Mitotic Spindle

Capture chromosomes and form them in a line

Interphase

Regular life of a cell

Prophase

DNA condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down

Metaphase

Chromosomes align at the cells center, spindle fibers attach

Anaphase

Chromosomes separate and move to opposite sides of the cell

Telophase

Nuclear envelope forms, chromosomes unfold back into chromatin

Cytokinesis

Cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells