Scientific Method
O_____________
Q____________
H_____________
P____________
E_____________
A__________ R_______
C_____________
observation question hypothesis prediction experiment analyze results conclusions
what are the 3 different types of variables?
independent dependent controlled
Metric System
_______(m) - length ______(L) - volume ______(g) - mass
meter liter gram
what are the two types of light microscopes?
dissecting and compound
what are the two types of electron microscopes? (TEM & SEM)
transmission and scanning
What are the features of a dissecting microscope? -S_____________ -b_________ v_______ -low m_____________, low r____________ -s______ or l______ specimens (2D or 3D) -specimen can be _____________ during viewing
stereoscopic binocular vision magnification resolution small large manipulated
What are the features of compound microscope? -m__________ or b__________ vision -high m______________, m___________ r___________ -t____ s________ of t________
monocular binocular magnification moderate resolution thin sections tissue
what are the features of electron microscopy? -H____ m______________, h_____ r____________ -Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) __D sections -Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) __D image
high magnification high resolution 2 3
Total Magnification = O________ x O___________
ocular objective
_____ of ______ (focal plane) - depth of layer in sharp focus. Lower objectives have greater depth
depth focus
______ of ______ - area visible through the ocular
field view
_____________ ________ (resolution) - ability to distinguish between 2 objects
resolving power
_________ ___________ - distance between of slide/specimen & tip of objective
working distance
Always carry the microscope with two hands 1 on the _____ and 1 underneath the _____
arm base
After using the microscope set the revolving nosepiece (_x) objective
4
Carbohydrates CHO (1:2:1) 1 sugar = m_____________ 2 sugars = d______________ many sugars = p_______________
monosaccharides disaccharides polysaccharides
____________ bonds join monosaccharides
glycosidic
carbohydrates store _________
energy
the 3 monosaccharides are
g_________
f_________
g____________
glucose fructose galactose
Which test tests for starches?
Lugol’s iodine
Which test tests for proteins?
Biuret
Which test tests for lipids?
Sudan IV
Which test tests for carbohydrates
Benedict’s Reagent
Sucrose contains ____________ & _____________
Glucose fructose
Lactose contains ___________ & _____________
Galactose glucose
Maltose contains ______________ & ____________
Glucose glucose
Starch is found in ________
Plants
Glycogen is found in ____________
Animal
________ bonds join amino acids
Peptide
If a substance contains starch, it will turn what 4 colors?
Green, yellow, orange, or red
If a substance contains proteins, it will turn what color?
Purple
Saturated lipids have ________ bonds
Single
Unsaturated lipids have ________ bonds
Double
_________ bonds join glycerol and fatty acids
Ester
What are the functions of proteins? T__________ S__________ E__________
Transport signaling enzymes
What are there functions of lipids? S__________ h__________ C______ M______________ I_____________ C_____ S______________
Steroid hormones cell membrane insulation cell signaling
Water movement against the cell wall is known as
Turgor pressure
A cell retains its shape in an isotonic solution because there is no _____ _____________ of water
Net movement
Match the following
___ Carbohydrates ___ Lipids ___ Proteins
A. C, H, O, N B. C, H, O (1:2:1) C. C, H, minimal O
B C A
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