POLR dates and events

79BC

-Sulla gives up dictatorship

78BC

-Lepidus and Catulus consuls

-Lepidus tries to undo Sullan reforms

77BC

-Catulus and Lepidus tasked with suppressing Etrurian revolt

-Lepidus tries to march on Rome but Pompey illegally raises 3 legions and stops him

73BC

-Spartacus’ slave revolt begins + Senate recall Pompey from Spain

71BC

Spartacus is defeated and Pompey takes credit

Crassus lines Appian way with 6,000 crucified soldiers

Reforms passed regarding slave labour

70BC

Pompey does not disband his army, demands triumph and requests to run for consul

As consul, reinstates right to veto and steps down after term

69BC

Pompey sent to deal with pirates, returns as prima inter para

66BC

Pompey granted unlimited imperium through the lex manilia argued for by Cicero

Spends 4 years in the East, gains biggest territory and defeats Mithridates

64BC

Cicero runs for consul against Catiline (who is funded by Crassus) and wins with optimate ideals

63BC

CATILINIAN CONSPIRACY

Pro Murena

62

Cicero takes on Pro Sulla

Pompey, before return, divorces wife and extends marriage to Cato’s niece (denied)

Bona Dea

61BC

Pompey returns, disbands army and makes 3 requests (retroactive approval, land, triumphal robes)

60BC

Pompey works with Flavius to pass land law but is outmanoeuvred by Metellus Celer

Caesar lays groundwork for First Triumvirate before returning from Spain

59BC

Caesar’s consulship- triumvirate passes Campanian Law

Cato takes bribe to instate Bibulus

Pompey marries Julia, Caesar’s daughter

58BC

Caesar offers Cicero a place on his staff in Gaul

Clodius, as tribune, introduces populist legislation, exiles Cicero and destroys his property

Pompey criticises Clodius and is attacked into his home

57BC

Mass street mob violence

Pompey recalls Cicero, whose speeches are ineffective and unpopular

56BC

Conference at Luca called: Caesar goes to Gaul, Pompey stays in Rome, and Crassus gets Parthia

54BC

Cicero leaves Rome after being forced to defend Gabinius

Julia dies in childbirth and is carried up to Campus Martius

53BC

Crassus dies at Carrhae

Pompey marries Crassus’ son’s widow to align with optimates

Pompey’s sole dictatorship proposed but blocked by Cato

Clodius dies and Fulvia orders Senate house to be torched

52BC

Cato proposes Pompey’s sole consulship

Cracks down on law courts, violence and bribery

Passes (with Cato) the Lex pompeia- no province until 5 years after magistracy

50BC

Pompey declares Caesar must leave Gaul by November

49BC

Caesar proposes laying down of arms + submitting to judgement of people

Caesar declared a hostis and crosses the Rubicon

Pompey flees to Greece and Caesar fails to catch him at Brundisium

Caesar robs treasury and installs MA as governor

Cicero and Cato switch sides

48BC

Pompey loses the Battle of Pharsalus and Cicero decides to return to Rome

Pompey is beheaded by Ptolemy

Caesar forms alliance and relationship with Cleopatra

47BC

Caesar grants Cicero clementia

46BC

Caesar wins Battle of Thapsus against Cato, who kills himself

45BC

Caesar wins Battle of Munda against Pompey’s sons

45-44BC

Caesar’s dictatorship: citizenship granted, publicani abolished, Julian calendar introduced

44BC

Caesar declares himself dictator in perpetuum and is assassinated by Casca, Brutus and others

Impending faceoff between liberators and Caesarians (Brutus and Cassius vs MA)

Cicero negotiates agreement between the two

Caesar’s funeral

Octavian arrives and Cicero delivers his Philippics

Cicero gets Senate to declare MA a hostis

43BC

Battle of Forum Gallorum and Mutina- MA loses both

Octavian returns and declares himself sole consul

Second Triumvirate formed under Lex titia

Cicero killed via proscriptions