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Flashcards covering key concepts from the Malaria lecture.
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What is a significant blood infection that is important to understand before clinical placement?
Malaria
What species of malaria is the most dangerous and can cause cerebral malaria?
Plasmodium falciparum
Why is it difficult to develop a malaria vaccine?
The malaria parasite changes its surface antigens throughout its life cycle.
Where does the gametocyte form of the malaria parasite develop?
Inside the mosquito
Where does the malaria parasite travel to after being injected into a human?
The liver
What are released from the red blood cells in the human host?
Merozoites
What can you use to help bring down a malaria patient's temperature?
A cool, moist face cloth and/or paracetamol
What should you encourage a malaria patient to take before they get to the hospital?
Oral rehydration
How much fluid can someone with a high fever lose in an hour?
Up to two liters
What treatment might be necessary due to the widespread destruction of red blood cells in severe malaria cases?
Blood transfusions
What organ may shut down due to the destruction of red blood cells, requiring dialysis?
Kidney
What level of care might severe malaria cases require?
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) treatment
Why might a severely ill malaria patient require IV treatment?
Because they are too sick to take oral antiprotozoal treatment
What type of malaria is particularly drug-resistant in equatorial regions?
Falciparum malaria
What minimum test should be done when someone returns from overseas with a fever?
A full blood film
What specific blood films should be done if the person visited a country where malaria is endemic?
Thick and thin blood films for malaria
What percentage of parasitemia did the young girl in the case study have?
Ten percent
What surface antigen forms inside the mosquito?
Gametocyte
What surface antigens are released from the liver?
Sporozoites and merozoites
What is given to patients with very high fevers, to help bring their temperature down?
Cool, moist face cloth
What medication is useful to help bring the temperature down?
Paracetamol
What is crucial to administer to a feverish patient to combat fluid loss?
Oral rehydration
What neighbor of Australia has drug resistant malaria strains?
Northern Neighbors
What is the term for a treatment that is not antibiotics for malaria?
Antiprotozoal treatment
What is the name of the infection referred to when the organism is Falciparin?
Drug resistant malaria