Biochemistry Lecture on Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

A set of vocabulary flashcards to help review key concepts from the lecture notes on nucleotides, nucleic acids, gene expression, and recombinant DNA technology.

Genetic Engineering

The process of using biotechnological techniques to alter the genetic makeup of an organism.

Recombinant DNA Technology

A technique that combines DNA from two different sources.

Gene Therapy

A technique that uses vectors, such as adenoviruses, to deliver healthy genes to cells.

Central Dogma of Genetics

The process by which DNA is transcribed to RNA and then translated into proteins.

Nucleotides

Monomers of nucleic acids that consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Restriction Enzymes

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences, crucial for DNA cloning.

Plasmid

Circular double-stranded DNA used as a vector for cloning.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

A technique used to amplify DNA, generating millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence.

Denaturation

The process of heating DNA to separate its strands.

Gene Expression

The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, often a protein.