L1 Introduction to Research

Research

follows a step-by-step process of investigation that uses a standardized approachh to answering quesstios or solving problems (Polit & Beck, 2004)

(Polit & Beck, 2004)

Research follows a step-by-step process of investigation that uses a standardized approach to answering quesstios or solving problems (Polit & Beck, 2004)

Sanchez, 2002

Research is a continuous undertaking of making known the unknown

Research

is a continuous undertaking of making known the unknown (Sanchez, 2002)

Research

is a tested approach of thinking and employing validated instruments and steps in order to obtain a more adequate solution to a problem that is otherwise impossible to address under ordinary means (Crawford, as cited by Alcantara & Espina, 1995)

(Crawford, as cited by Alcantara & Espina, 1995)

Research is a tested approach of thinking and employing validated instruments and steps in order to obtain a more adequate solution to a problem that is otherwise impossible to address under ordinary means

Research

Refers to systematic processs of collecting and logically analyzing information (data) for some purpose (McMillan, J, & Schumacher, S., 2001)

(McMillan, J, & Schumacher, S., 2001)

Research refers to systematic processs of collecting and logically analyzing information (data) for some purpose

Purpose of Research

1. To learn how to work independently

2. To learn how to work scientifically or systemically

3. To have an in-depth knowledge of something

4. To elevate your mental abilities by letting you think in higher-order thinking strategies (HOTS) of inferring, evaluating, synthesizing, appreciating, applying, and creating

5. To improve your reading and writing skills

6. To be familiar with the basic tools of research and the various tecniques of gathering data and of preenting research findings.

7. To free yourself, to a certain extent from the domination or strong influence of a single textbook or of te professor’s lone viewpoint or spoon feeding.

Ontology

The study of the ‘nature of reality’

Ontology

Answers the question “What am I looking at?”

Epistemology

The study of our ‘methhod of acquiring knowledge'‘

Epistemology

Answers the question: “How do we know?”

Characteristics of Research

• Research is systematic

• Research is objective

• Research is feasible

• Research is empirical

• Research is clear

• Research is logical

• Research is recursive

• Research is replicable

• Research is critical

Qualitative Research

provides descriptions of the basic nature or the characteristics of the phenomenon.

Quantitative Research

measures the magnitude, size, or extent of the phenomenon.

Research Problems

Are those that cause unfavoravle circumstances in a community or an organization, futher investigation as recommended by previos research studies, or gaps in any field of study.

Research hypothesis

An intellectual guess or tentative answer to the research questions

Data Collection

is the process of gathering information by means of validated instruments/tools in research

Data

It could be anything that is used to represent facts and values or anything that may represent a characteristic of something that is being measured or describes.

Data Analysis

The process of examining data against the preconceived assumptions

Analyzing Data/Data Analysis

The use of thematic coding analysis and narrative analysis takes place here.

Gathered Data

It must be interpreted correctly to pave way for drawing out meaningful implications and in the making of the research relevant.