Naming Acids and Bases + Neutralization Reactions

What must acids have in it?

H

What must bases have in it?

OH

When does a neutralization reaction occur?

When an acid and a base react to form a salt and water

What is the general equation of a neutralization reaction?

Acid + Base --> Salt + Water

What is the neutralization reaction of: Sulfuric acid + potassium hydroxide

H₂SO₄ + 2KOH --> K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

What is the neutralization reaction of: Nitric acid + calcium hydroxide

2HNO₃ + Ca(OH)₂ --> Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O

What is a binary acid?

An acid that consists of hydrogen and one other nonmetal element

How do you name binary acids?

Hydro + nonmetal root + ic acid

Name: HCl

Hydrochloric acid

Name: HBr

Hydrobromic acid

What is an oxyacid?

Acid that contains hydrogen, a nonmetal, and oxygen (polyatomic ions)

What does an oxyacid not have?

A hydro prefix

How do you name an oxyacid if the polyatomic ion has an -ite ending?

Root of the anion + suffix -ous acid

How do you name an oxyacid if the polyatomic ion has an -ate ending?

Root of the anion + suffix -ic acid

Name: HNO₃

Nitric acid

Name: HNO₂

Nitrous acid

How do you name bases?

They have no special naming system, you just write the name of the base followed by the word hydroxide

Name: NaOH

Sodium hydroxide

Name: Ca(OH)₂

Calcium hydroxide

Name: NH₄OH

Ammonium hydroxide

Name: HCIO₃

Chloric acid

Name: H₃PO₃

Phosphous acid

Name: Sulfuric acid

H₂SO₄

Name: Boric acid

HBrO₃

Name: LiOH

Lithium hydroxide

Name: Mg(OH)₂

Magnesium hydroxide

Name: Cu(OH)₂

Copper (II) hydroxide

Name: Barium hydroxide

Ba(OH)₂

Name: Strontium hydroxide

Sr(OH)₂

Write the product of each reaction. Then, balance the equation. HCl + NaOH

NaCl + H₂O (already balanced)

Write the product of each reaction. Then, balance the equation. HF + Mg(OH)₂

MgF₂ + H₂O. 2HF + Mg(OH)₂ --> MgF₂ + 2H₂O

Write the product of each reaction. Then, balance the equation. H₂SO₄ + NaOH

Na₂SO₄ + H₂O. H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH --> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Write the chemical formula for the acid and base, then complete the neutralization reaction. Balance if necessary. Hydrobromic acid and barium hydroxide

HBr + Ba(OH)₂ --> BaBr₂ + H₂O. Balance: 2HBr + Ba(OH)₂ --> BaBr + 2H₂O

Write the chemical formula for the acid and base, then complete the neutralization reaction. Balance if necessary. Aluminum hydroxide and hydrochloric acid

Al(OH)₃ + HCl --> AlCl₃ + H₂O. Balance: Al(OH)₃ + 3HCl --> AlCl₃ + 2H₂O