Studied by 151 PeopleTags & Description
In the Spartan government, which institution was the most democratic?
the assembly
The Spartans felt compelled to make the army the primary focus of their society because
of the threat of rebellion by their slaves
Which of these statements tended to be true of tyrants?
they were generally aristocrats.
In the Greek world, a polis was a(n)
agricultural village, town, or small city. community sharing common ancestors and religious rites. independent political unit.
The primary cause of the First Peloponnesian War was
the policies of Athens's new regime.
Thucydides was an Athenian who
wrote the history of the Peloponnesian War.
Solon's reforms
forbade debt slavery increased economic specialization had long-lasting impacts
The Greek colonization movement around 750 BCE is most closely linked to
long-distance trade.
The plays of Aeschylus and Sophocles were
tragedies based on mythological subjects and dealing with religion, politics, ethics, and morality.
A hoplite phalanx is a
disciplined, closed fighting formation.
The Athenians lost the Great Peloponnesian War because
Pericles's strategy failed None of Pericles's successors could hold the state to a consistent policy.
Homer's epic poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey, reflect the values and society of which period in Greek history?
"dark ages" or Archaic the idealism of self-sufficiently, and Xenia. Emerged with Aristotle centuries after the Bronze Age
Which qualities would a Homeric hero prize most dearly
individual prowess, courage, protection of family
At the outset of the Great Peloponnesian War, the Athenian strategy was
to allow their own land to be devastated
The Persian War sea battle that led to the withdrawal of Xerxes was
Battle of Salamis
Athens became the leader of the Delian League because
Athens had Greece's largest navy.
Polis
a down or city or village that surrounds a country side. where they practiced political social and religious activities.
hoplites
heavily armed infantry men who wore bronze or leather helmets, breastplates and wore shin guards. carried around a 9 ft long spear.
phalanx
rectangular formation in tight order, usually 8 ranks deep
tyrants
rulers who seized power by force and who were not subject to the law.
perioikoi
free inhabitants not critizens who were required to pay taxes and perform military service for Sparta.
helots
bound to the land and forced to work on farms and as household servants for Spartans.
oligarchy
two kings who ruled. maily responcible for military affairs and served as leaders of Sparta.
Sophists
philosophers who though that it was foolish that the universe was beyond the reach of the human mind. Would sell their knowledge.
rhetoric
-the art of persuasive speaking -debates and swaying an audience
Socratic method
employs a question-and-answer technique to lead pupils to see things for themselves using their own reason.
how did the geography of Greece affect Greek history?
Greece was in a small area, surrounded by mountains and the ocean. the terrain was was mountainous so the city-states were cut off from one another. They each had their own separate ways of life.
Who was Homer?
-wrote the Iliad and the odyssey. -greatest poet of all time.
Why was homers work used as the basis for Greek education?
Homers writings consisted of hero's. everybody wanted to be like them, so they looked up to these books.this books tough courage.
How did the major city-states(polis) of Athens and Sparta differ?
Spartans were mostly for the gov't. Their military was very strong. Athens was more democracy and its city-states had more power to the people.
What did the Greeks mean by democracy?
ruled by the people and power to the people.
what ways was the Athenian political system a democracy?
they were separated from all the other city-states and had their own independence, so they made up their own laws.
What effect did the Persian War have on Greek civilization?
it made everyone afraid the Spartans. they were stronger and had very good military tactics. caused great destruction to the Greek civilizations. Athens also arose to become a Greek leader—only rival was the Spartans
How were classical Greek art expressed?
through writing, plays, stories, painting
What questions did the Greek philosophers pose, and what were their answers?
Greek philosophers said to question society and the world around them. they studied human behavior.
odyssey
an epic romance about journey of Odysseus how he is reunited with his wife.
gerousia
council of elders in Sparta
apella
assembly of all male citizens. Spartan.
ekklesia
assembly of full citizens, had few power. Athens.
Solon
cancled all current land debts, outlawed new loans, freed people who had fallen into salvery for debt.
Hellenistic
a new type of order for Hellenistic peroid.
Island of Crete
first society of Greeks, capital knossus
Mycenaean
first greek mainland civilization
Dark age of Greace
1100-800 BC -decline of culture -writing went away -nuthing build -shortage of food/ less trade
Rebirth/ Renessance
800-600 BC "greek renessance" -writing started -epic poetry
Agamemnon
king of miceney, comander and cheaf of greek forces
homer
characters are in universal times. people relate to it believes there are ethical values people should live by.
Rise of the Polis
800-400 B.C.E
Homeric epics transcribed
c. 750 B.C.E
Hoplite tactics become standard
725-650 B.C.E
Militarization of Sparta
C. 600 B.C.E
Emergence of the Milesian School (pre-Socratic philosophy)
600-500 B.C.E
Solon’s reforms in Athens
594 B.C.E
Cyprus of Persia conquers Lydia and Controls the Geek cities of Ionia
546 B.C.E
Overthrownment of the Peisistratid tyranny in Athens
510 B.C.E
Ionian Revolt against Persia
499-494 B.C.E
Battle of Marathon
490 B.C.E
Battles of Thermopylae and Salamis
480 B.C.E
Formation of Delian League led by Athens
478 B.C.E
The Peloponnesian war begins (Sparta vs. Athens)
431 B.C.E
Defeat of Athens by Sparta— Peloponnesian war ends
404 B.C.E
The execution/death of Socrates
399 B.C.E
Panhellenic
All Greek.
Mother Polis
Mother of colony
Panaoply
The equipment and attire that a hoplite wore and used
8th Century B.C.E
When ariostocratic classes emerged.
Symposium
Ariostocratic drinking party, listened to poetry and music, there were prostitutes, and gay sex— Aristocratic man on man (Homasocial)
Demagogue
Someone rising up in a government and seizing power
Acropolis
High-city
Hoplites Jobs’
Farming, everyday jobs.
Xenia
Hospitality
Tyranny
Government of cruel rule—Seen in Sparta and Athens
Democracy
Government system tht helped citizens be in and participate in government
Synoecism
Union of country and town
Agora
Marketplace
Khora
The land outside the city. Attica to Athens
Asty
The urban settlement—buildings and towns
Archaic
Early
Aristocrat
An elite/noble
Political unrest
War—civil or not
Lyric
Series of rhythmic verses sung with a lyre
Archon
Person wielding executive authority in Athens—9 archons every year
Debt Slavery
Give your body up to pay debts—Solon abolished debt slavery in 564 B.C.E.
Oligarchy
“Rule of the few” Small group rule a government