Thermodynamics 2

what is entropy

the amount of the disorder in a system of atoms and molecules

what does an increase in disorder lead to

an increase in entropy

whats the second law of thermodynamics

the second law of thermodynamics states that in any spontaneous process there is always an increase in entrophy somewhere in the universe

when a substance melts what happens to disorder

increases

when substance boils what happens to disorder

increases

what does tf in the entrophy of fusion mean

tf = melting temperature

what does tb in the entrophy of vaporisation mean

tb = boiling point

what types of disorder contributes to entrophy (3)

vibration, translation, rotation

what is S (amorphous solid ) > S (crystalline solid) an example of

disorder

what does the second law help us establish

criteria for spontaneity of a process

in order for a reaction to occur spontaneously in a forward direction what must happen

DS_sys + DS_surr  (the entropy of the universe) must increase.