Studied by 49 PeopleTags & Description
Buccinator
Origin: Mandible and maxilla
Insertion: Orbicularis oris at corner of mouth
Action: Draws corner of mouth posteriorly; compresses cheek to hold food between teeth
Corrugator supercilii
Origin: Nasal bridge and orbicularis oculi
Insertion: Skin of eyebrow
Action: Depresses medial portion of eyebrow; draws eyebrows together, as in frowning
Depressor labii inferioris
Origin: Lower border of mandible
Insertion: Skin of lower lip and orbicularis oris
Action: Depresses lower lip
Levator labii superioris
Origin: Maxilla
Insertion: Skin and orbicularis oris of upper lip
Action: raises upper lip; "sneer"
Mentalis
Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin of chin
Action: elevates and wrinkles skin over chin; protrudes lower lip; "pout"
Nasalis
Origin: maxilla
Insertion: bridge and side of nose
Action: dilates nostril
Occipitofrontalis (cranius)
Origin: occipital bone
Insertion: skin of eyebrow and nose
Action: moves scalp; raises eyebrows; wrinkles forehead; "surprise"
Orbicularis oculi
Origin: maxilla and frontal bones
Insertion: circles orbit and inserts near origin
Action: closes eyes; blinking; winking; squinting
Orbicularis oris
Origin: nasal septum, maxilla, and mandible
Insertion: faschia and other muscles of lips
Action: closes and purses lips; "kissing"
Platysma
Origin: fascia of deltoid and pectoralis major
Insertion: skin over inferior border of mandible
Action: depresses lower lip; wrinkles skin of neck and upper chest; to express fear
Risorius
Origin: platysma and masseter fascia
Insertion: orbicularis oris and skin at corner of mouth
Action: draws corner of mouth laterally; risor - laughter
Zygomaticus
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: angle of mouth (major); orbicularis oris of upper lip (minor)
Action: elevates and abducts upper lip and corner of mouth; "smile"
Temporalis
Origin: Temporal fossa
Insertion: Anterior portion of mandibular ramus and coronoid process
Action: Elevates and retracts (moves posteriorly) mandible; involved in excursion
Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Lateral side of mandibular ramus
Action: Elevates and protracts (move anteriorly) mandible; involved in excursion
Lateral pterygoid
Origin: Lateral side of lateral pterygoid plate and greater wing of sphenoid
Insertion: Condylar process of mandible and articular disk
Action: Depresses and protracts mandible; involved in excursion; side-to-side movements
Medial pterygoid
Origin: Medial side of lateral pterygoid plate and tuberosity of maxilla
Insertion: Medial surface of mandible
Action: Elevates and protracts mandible; involved in excursion; side-to-side movements
Genioglossus
Origin: Mental protuberance of mandible
Insertion: Tongue
Action: Depresses and protrudes tongue
Hyoglossus
Origin: Hyoid
Insertion: Side of tongue
Action: Retracts and depresses side of tongue
Styloglossus
Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: Tongue (lateral and inferior)
Action: Retracts tongue
Splenius capitis
Origin: C4 to T6
Insertion: Superior nuchal line and mastoid process
Action: Extends, rotates, and laterally flexes neck
Trapezius
Origin: Occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12
Insertion: Clavicle, acromion process, and scapular spine
Action: Extends and laterally flexes neck
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: Manubrium and medial clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process and superior nuchal line
Action: One contracting alone: laterally flexes head and neck to same side and rotates head and neck to opposite side Both contracting together: flex neck
Scalene muscles
Origin: C2 to C6
Insertion: First and second ribs
Action: Flex, laterally flex, and rotate neck
Iliocostalis cervicis (erector spinae)
Origin: Superior six ribs
Insertion: Transverse processes of middle cervical vertebrae
Action: Extends, laterally flexes, and rotates vertebral column
Iliocostalis thoracis (erector spinae)
Origin: Inferior six ribs
Insertion: Superior six ribs
Action: Extends, laterally flexes, and rotates vertebral column
Iliocostalis lumborum (erector spinae)
Origin: Sacrum, ilium, and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Inferior six ribs
Action: Extends, laterally flexes, and rotates vertebral column
Longissimus capitis
Origin: Upper thoracic and lower cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action: Extends head
Longissimus cervicis
Origin: Upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Transverse processes of upper cervical vertebrae
Action: Extends neck
Longissimus thoracis
Origin: Ribs and lower thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Transverse processes of upper lumbar vertebrae and ribs
Action: Extends vertebral column
Spinalis cervicis
Origin: C6-C7
Insertion: Spinous processes of C2-C3
Action: Extends neck
Spinalis thoracis
Origin: T11 - L2
Insertion: Spinous processes of middle and upper thoracic vertebrae
Action: Extends vertebral column
Diaphragm
Origin: Interior of ribs, sternum, and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Central tendon of diaphragm
Action: Inspiration depresses floor of thorax
External intercostal
Origin: Inferior margin of each rib
Insertion: Superior border of next rib below
Action: Quiet inspiration elevates ribs
Internal intercostal
Origin: Superior margin of each rib
Insertion: Inferior border of next rib above
Action: Forced expiration depresses ribs
Anterior Scalene
Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6
Insertion: First rib
Action: Elevates first rib
Medial scalene
Origin: Transverse processes of C2-C6
Insertion: First rib
Action: Elevates first rib
Posterior scalene
Origin: Transverse processes of C4-C6
Insertion: Second rib
Action: Elevates second rib
Rectus abdominis
Origin: Pubic crest and symphysis pubis
Insertion: Xiphoid process and inferior ribs
Action: Flexes vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall
External abdominal oblique
Origin: Fifth to twelfth ribs
Insertion: Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and rectus sheath
Action: Flexes and rotates vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall; depresses thorax
Internal abdominal oblique
Origin: Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and lumbar fascia
Insertion: Tenth to twelfth ribs and rectus sheath
Action: Flexes and rotates vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall; depresses thorax
Transversus abdominis
Origin: Seventh to twelfth costal cartilages, lumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
Insertion: Xiphoid process, linea alba, and pubic tubercle
Action: Compresses abdominal wall
Quadratus lumborum
Origin: Iliac crest and lower lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Twelfth rib and upper lumbar vertebrae
Action: Laterally flexes vertebral column and depresses twelfth rib