PSYCH final set 3

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts from psychology lecture notes, focusing on altruism, aggression, psychological disorders, therapies, and health psychology.

Altruism

Help without reward.

Empathy

Feel others' emotions.

Aggression

Intent to harm (biological, psychological, sociocultural causes)

Conformity

Adjusting to group norms.

Obedience

Following authority.

Deindividuation

Lose self-awareness in groups.

Groupthink

Poor decisions to maintain harmony.

Prejudice

Negative feelings.

Systematic racism

Institutional discrimination.

Microaggressions

Small, subtle insults.

Discrimination

Behavior (acting on prejudice).

Abnormal behavior

Deviant, maladaptive, distressful behavior.

Biological approach (to disorders)

Focuses on brain and genetics.

Psychological approach (to disorders)

Focuses on experiences and emotions.

Sociocultural approach (to disorders)

Focuses on culture and society.

Biopsychosocial approach (to disorders)

A combination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.

DSM-5

Diagnostic manual for psychological disorders.

ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder)

Communication difficulties.

ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder)

Inattention, hyperactivity.

Anxiety disorders

Characterized by fear and worry.

OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)

Obsessions + compulsions.

PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder)

Trauma response.

Depression

Sadness, hopelessness.

Bipolar disorder

Mood swings.

Eating disorders

Anorexia, bulimia, binge-eating.

Schizophrenia

Hallucinations, delusions.

Suicide

Influenced by many factors.

Stigma

Negative labels.

Reduce stigma

Education, empathy.

Clinical psychology

Diagnose/treat mental illness.

Psychotherapy

Talking cure.

Psychologist

Therapy

Psychiatrist

Meds

Sociocultural therapy

Consider culture in therapy.

Evidence-based practice

Best research + clinical judgment.

Therapeutic alliance

Trust between client/therapist.

Psychodynamic therapy

Focuses on unconscious conflicts.

Humanistic therapy

Focuses on self-acceptance.

Behavior therapy

Aims to change behavior.

Systematic desensitization

Gradually expose to fear.

Cognitive therapy

Aims to change thinking.

Cognitive restructuring

Change thoughts.

CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)

Cognitive + behavioral therapy.

Antianxiety medications

Reduce tension.

Antidepressants

Lift mood.

Antipsychotics

Reduce hallucinations.

Cross-cultural competence

Respect diversity.

Health psychology

How mind/body affect health.

Stages of Change Model

Precontemplation → Contemplation → Preparation → Action → Maintenance

General Adaptation Syndrome

Alarm → Resistance → Exhaustion (stress stages).

Stress

Hurt immune system.

Psychoneuroimmunology

Study mind-body-immune link.

Stress

Increases cardiovascular disease risk.

Type A personality

Competitive, angry.

Type B personality

Relaxed.

Stress and prejudice

Chronic stressor.

Health disparities

Unfair health differences (e.g., race, income).

Cognitive appraisal

How we judge stress.

Problem-focused coping

Fix problem.

Emotion-focused coping

Manage feelings.