Nineteenth-Century Physiology

These flashcards cover key concepts in nineteenth-century physiology related to the understanding of the brain and reflexes.

Physiology

The study of the body's machinery.

Reflexology

A view that all human behavior occurs through reflexes, pioneered by I. M. Sechenov.

Central Nervous System

Consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nerves

Nerves that connect the central nervous system to sense organs and muscles.

François Magendie

Demonstrated that spinal cord nerves have two pathways: sensory and motor.

Stimuli

Environmental factors that initiate responses in a person's sensory receptors.

Localization of Function

The concept that specific brain areas are responsible for specific functions.

Johannes Müller

Proposed that different sensory experiences arise from stimulation of different brain areas.

Pierre Flourens

Conducted experiments showing that brain damage can lead to specific deficits in movement.

Paul Broca

Published findings that injury to a specific brain area affects speech ability.