Volatile Oil

True about volatile oils except:

a. Do not become rancid, but resinified instead

b. Can be isolated by distillation

c. No permanent grease on paper

d. Cannot be saponified with alkali

e. None

e. None

Volatile oils that are heavier than water.

a. Sassafras

b. Clove oil

c. Cinnamon oil

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

f. All

Basic units of volatile oil.

a. Sterol

b. Fatty acid

c. Terpenes

d. Amino acid

c. Terpenes

True about fixed oil except:

a. Cannot be distilled and leave permanent grease on paper

b. Undergo saponification with alkali

c. Becomes rancid upon oxidation

d. Glyceryl ester of fatty acid

e. Has bland odor and is generally lighter than water

f. None

f. None

Glyceryl ester of fatty acid.

a. Waxes

b. Fixed oil

c. Volatile oil

d. Tannins

b. Fixed oil

Fixed oil saponification with NaOH.

a. Hard soap

b. Soft soap

a. Hard soap

Fixed oil saponification with KOH.

a. Hard soap

b. Soft soap

b. Soft soap

Characteristics of volatile oils except:

a. They are odoriferous principles of plants and animals; also known as essential oil, essences, ethereals

b. Immiscible with water

c. They are optically active

d. Easily evaporate

e. None

e. None

Form of natural camphor.

a. Dextrorotatory

b. Levorotatory

a. Dextrorotatory

Form of synthetic camphor

a. Dextrorotatory

b. Levorotatory

b. Levorotatory

Has glandular hairs or trichomes.

a. Lamiaceae

b. Piperaceae

c. Apiaceae

d. Pinaceae

a. Lamiaceae

Has modified parenchymal cells.

a. Lamiaceae

b. Piperaceae

c. Apiaceae

d. Pinaceae

b. Piperaceae

Dillweed. Oil tubers or vittae.

a. Lamiaceae

b. Piperaceae

c. Apiaceae

d. Pinaceae

c. Apiaceae

Has lysigenous or schizogenous passages.

a. Lamiaceae

b. Piperaceae

c. Apiaceae

d. Pinaceae

d. Pinaceae

Has lysigenous or schizogenous passages.

a. Lamiaceae

b. Piperaceae

c. Apiaceae

d. Rutaceae

d. Rutaceae

General method for obtaining citrus oils by rolling the fruit over through line by sharp projections, which are long enough to puncture oil glands in the epidermis.

a. Enfleurage

b. Ecuelle method

c. Distillation

d. Extraction

b. Ecuelle method

Performed using Clevenger apparatus.

a. Distillation

b. Enzymatic actions

c. Expression

d. Extraction

a. Distillation

For those not injured by boiling, dried form.

a. Water distillation

b. Water and steam distillation

c. Steam distillation

d. Destructive distillation

a. Water distillation

Can be extracted by water distillation.

a. Turpentine oil

b. Clove oil

c. Cinnamon oil

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

a. Turpentine oil

Distillation for those injured by boiling.

a. Water distillation

b. Water and steam distillation

c. Steam distillation

d. Destructive distillation

b. Water and steam distillation

Extracted through water and steam distillation.

a. Turpentine oil

b. Clove oil

c. Cinnamon oil

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

e. b and c

Clove oil

Cinnamon oil

Extraction for fresh plant drugs.

a. Water distillation

b. Water and steam distillation

c. Steam distillation

d. Destructive distillation

c. Steam distillation

Extracted with steam distillation.

a. Peppermint

b. Spearmint

c. Empyreumatic oils

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

d. a and b

Peppermint oil

Spearmint oil

Distillation through heat without the access of air.

a. Water distillation

b. Water and steam distillation

c. Steam distillation

d. Destructive distillation

d. Destructive distillation

Extracted through destructive distillation.

a. Peppermint

b. Spearmint

c. Empyreumatic oils

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

c. Empyreumatic oils

Empyreumatic oils are from wood and resins of family:

a. Pinaceae

b. Cupressaceae

c. Rosaceae

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

d. a and b

Pinaceae

Cupressaceae

Empyreumatic oil.

a Oil of cade

b. Oil of tar

c. Turpentine oil

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

d. a and b

Oil of cade

Oil of tar

Mustard oil is extrated thrrough

a. Distillation

b. Enzymatic actions

c. Expression

d. Extraction

b. Enzymatic actions

Ecuelle and piquer and enfleurage are examples of which type of extraction?

a. Distillation

b. Enzymatic actions

c. Expression

d. Extraction

c. Expression

Rolling the fruit over a trough lined with sharp projections.

a. Ecuelle and Piquer

b. Enfleurage

a. Ecuelle and Piquer

Extraction for citrus oils.

a. Ecuelle and Piquer

b. Enfleurage

a. Ecuelle

Expression with the use of cold fat; formerly used in the perfume industry.

a. Ecuelle

b. Enfleurage

b. Enfleurage

Flower petals or small plant part on a fatty pomade is extracted by EtOH. Only works for tiny pieces of crude drug.

a. Ecuelle

b. Enfleurage

b. Enfleurage

Uses solvent systems based on volatile solvents; uses lower temperature.

a. Distillation

b. Enzymatic actions

c. Expression

d. Extraction

d. Extraction

Best extraction method for menthol from Japanese peppermint.

a. Distillation

b. Enzymatic actions

c. Expression

d. Extraction

e. Refrigeration

e. Refrigeration

Common solvent/s for extraction of volatile oils.

a. Petroleum ether

b. Benzene

c. Both

d. None of these

c. Both

Petroleum ether

Benzene

Classes of volatile oil can be

a. Terpene derivative

b. Aromatic compound

c. Sugar derivative

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

d. a and b

Terpene derivative

Aromatic compound

Formed via acetate-mevalonic acid pathway.

a. Terpene derivatives

b. Aromatic compounds

a. Terpene derivatives

Formed via shikimic acid-phenylpropanoid route.

a. Terpene derivatives

b. Aromatic compounds

b. Aromatic compounds

Medicinal uses of volatile oils except:

a. Carminative

b. Antiseptic

c. Counterirritant (methyl salicylate)

d. Antipruritic (camphor)

e None

e. None

Counterirritant such as methyl salicylate

Antipruritic such as camphor

Antipruritic volatile compound.

a. Camphor

b. Methyl salicylate

a. Camphor

Counterirritant volatile compound.

a. Camphor

b. Methyl salicylate

b. Methyl salicylate

Building block of terpenes.

a. Isoprene

b. Monoprene

c. Uniprene

d. Alloprene

a. Isoprene

Class of terpene mostly found in volatile oil.

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

b. Monoterpene

1 isoprene units is equal to how many carbons?

a. 3 carbons

b. 5 carbons

c. 10 carbons

d. 15 carbons

b. 5 carbons

1 isoprene, 5C

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

a. Hemiterpene

2 isoprene, 10C

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

b. Monoterpene

Limonene

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

b. Monoterpene

3 isoprene; 15C

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

Abscisic acid

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

4 isoprenes, 20C

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

c. Diterpene

Gibberellin

a. Hemiterpene

b. Monoterpene

c. Diterpene

d. Sesquiterpene

e. Diterpene

c. Diterpene

5 isoprenes, 25C.

a. Sesquiterpene

b. Diterpene

c. Sesterterpene

d. Triterpene

e. Tetrapene

c. Sesterterpene

6 isoprenes, 30C

a. Sesquiterpene

b. Diterpene

c. Sesterterpene

d. Triterpene

e. Tetrapene

d. Triterpene

Brassinosteroids

a. Sesquiterpene

b. Diterpene

c. Sesterterpene

d. Triterpene

e. Tetrapene

d. Triterpene

8 isoprenes, 40C

a. Sesquiterpene

b. Diterpene

c. Sesterterpene

d. Triterpene

e. Tetrapene

e. Tetrapene

Carotenoid

a. Sesquiterpene

b. Diterpene

c. Sesterterpene

d. Triterpene

e. Tetrapene

e. Tetrapene

C-10 precursor of the terpenes and is believed to play a key role in the formation of monoterpenes.

a. Geranyl pyrophosphate

b. Isopentyl pyrophosphate

c. Dimethylally pyrophosphate

d. b and c

e. All

a. Geranyl pyrophosphate

Synthetically active isoprene units.

a. Geranyl pyrophosphate

b. Isopentyl pyrophosphate

c. Dimethylally pyrophosphate

d. b and c

e. All

d. b and c

Isopentyl pyrophosphate

Dimethylally pyrophosphate

Primary precursor of volatile oil with aromatic compounds.

a. Cinnamic acid

b. p-hydroxycinnamic acid

c. Both

d. None of these

c. Both

Cinnamic acid

p-hydroxycinnamic acid

Kinds of volatile oil

Hydrocarbons

Alcohols

Aldehydes

Ketones

Phenols

Phenolic esters

Oxides

Esters

a. True

b. False

a. True

True about stearoptene except:

a. Solid portion of HC

b. Oxidized HC

c. Present in smaller quantities

d. Imparts the characteristic odor

e. None

e. None

Water soluble portion of volatile oil.

a. Stearoptene

b. Eleoptene

c. Terpinol

d. Limonene

a. Stearoptene

Liquid hydrocarbon portion of volatile oil.

a. Stearoptene

b. Eleoptene

c. Terpinol

d. Limonene

b. Eleoptene

Stearoptene except:

a. Menthol

b. Anethol

c. Thymol

d. Camphor

e. Methyl salicylate

f. None

f. None

The only liquid stearoptene:

a. Menthol

b. Anethol

c. Thymol

d. Camphor

e. Methyl salicylate

e. Methyl salicylate

Eleoptene

a. Encalyptol

b. Eugenol

c. Thymol

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

d. a and b

Encalyptol

Eugenol

Product formed by the action of nitric acid on rectified turpentine oil in the presence of alcohol.

a. Stearoptene

b. Eleoptene

c. Terpinol

d. Limonene

c. Terpinol

Aka terpin hydrate.

a. Stearoptene

b. Eleoptene

c. Terpinol

d. Limonene

c. Terpinol

Most volatile component of perfume thus leave the skin readily.

a. Top notes

b. Middle notes

c. Base notes

a. Top notes

Intermediate volatility and intermediate tenacity.

a. Top notes

b. Middle notes

c. Base notes

b. Middle notes

The lowest volatility

High tenacity

Fixatives

a. Top notes

b. Middle notes

c. Base notes

c. Base notes

Lemon oil

Lavender oil

Anise oil

a. Top notes

b. Middle notes

c. Base notes

a. Top notes

Thyme oil

Rose oil

Neroli oil

a. Top notes

b. Middle notes

c. Base notes

b. Middle notes

Vanilla

a. Top notes

b. Middle notes

c. Base notes

c. Base notes

Fixatives:

a. Musk

b. Civet

c. Ambergris

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

Dried secretion from the preputial follicles of the male musk deer of Asia, Moschus spp which contains muskane.

a. Musk

b. Civet

c. Ambergris

a. Musk

From secretion of civet cat, Paradoxurus hermaproditus which contain civeton.

a. Musk

b. Civet

c. Ambergris

b. Civet

Most valuable material which contains ambrein.

a. Musk

b. Civet

c. Ambergris

c. Ambergris

Pathologic product formed in stomach of sperm whale when it feeds on squid or cuttlefish.

a. Musk

b. Civet

c. Ambergris

c. Ambergris

HYDROCARBON VOLATILE OILS:

I. Turpentine oil

II. Rectified turpentine oil

III. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

a. I, II, III

b. I, II

c. II, III

d. I, III

a. I, II, III

Spirit of turpentine

From Pinus palustris

Disinfectant, deodorant, counterirritant in Vicks Vaporub

a. Turpentine oil

b. Rectified turpentine oil

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

a. Turpentine oil

Distilled from an aqueous solution of NaOH

Expectorant for cough

a. Turpentine oil

b. Rectified turpentine oil

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

b. Rectified turpentine oil

Used for rectifying by distillation of rectified turpentine oil.

a. KOH

b. MgOH

c. NaOH

d. CaOH

c. NaOH

cis-p-menthane-1,8-diol hydrate

Formed by action of nitric acid on rectified turpentine oil in the presence of alcohol

Used as expectorant

a. Turpentine oil

b. Rectified turpentine oil

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

Turpentine oil + NaOH.

a. Turpentine oil

b. Rectified turpentine oil

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

b. Rectified turpentine oil

Turpentine oil + HNO3.

a. Turpentine oil

b. Rectified turpentine oil

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

c. Terpin hydrate or Terpinol

Cinnamomum lourerri

a. Saigon cinnamon

b. Cassia cinnamon

c. Ceylon cinnamon

a. Saigon cinnamon

Cinnamomum cassia

a. Saigon cinnamon

b. Cassia cinnamon

c. Ceylon cinnamon

b. Cassia cinnamon

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

Most marketed

a. Saigon cinnamon

b. Cassia cinnamon

c. Ceylon cinnamon

c. Ceylon cinnamon

Disagreeable odor from volatile oil.

a. Resin

b. Terebinthinate

c. Phlobaphene

d. Phloroglucinol

b. Terebinthinate

Cassia, ceylon, and saigon cinnamon are used as carminatives and flavorants.

a. True

b. False

a. True

ALDEHYDE VOLATILE OILS:

I. Lemon peel

II. Lemon balm

III. Orange oil

IV. Citronella oil

V. Hamamelis water

a. I, II, III, IV, V

b. I, II, III, IV

c. II, III, IV, V

d. I, II, III

e. III, IV, V

a. I, II, III, IV, V

Citrus limon

Contain limonene and citral

a. Lemon peel

b. Lemon balm

c. Orange oil

d. Citronella oil

e. Hamamelis water

a. Lemon peel

Melissa officinalis

Contain citral

a. Lemon peel

b. Lemon balm

c. Orange oil

d. Citronella oil

e. Hamamelis water

b. Lemon balm

Citrus aurantium

Contain decanal, limonene

a. Lemon peel

b. Lemon balm

c. Orange oil

d. Citronella oil

e. Hamamelis water

c. Orange oil

Cymbopogon winterianus, Cymbopogon nardus

Contain citronellal

a. Lemon peel

b. Lemon balm

c. Orange oil

d. Citronella oil

e. Hamamelis water

d. Citronella oil

Hamamelis virginia

Astringent in the OTC hemorrhoid preparations

a. Lemon peel

b. Lemon balm

c. Orange oil

d. Citronella oil

e. Hamamelis water

e. Hamamelis water

PHENOL VOLATILE OILS:

I. Eugenol

II. Thymol

III. Carvacrol

a. I, II, III

b. I, II

c. II, III

d. I, III

a. I, II, III

Volatile oil in Eugenia caryophyllus

Used as carminative, toothache drops, dental analgesics

a. Eugenol

b. Thymol

c. Carvacrol

a. Eugenol