III. Skeletal System

Periosteum

A thick layer of fibrous tissue that covers all bone surfaces, other than the articulating surfaces.

Osteogenic

The periosteum has an abundant vascular supply, and the cells on its deeper surface are this.

Sharpey’s fibers

Bundles of collagen fibers that extend from the periosteum into the underlying bone.

Articular Cartilage

A plate of cartilage which covers the articulating surface of bones. A surface that parts of the bone which comes in contact with another bone in a joint.

Endosteum

A membrane that lines the medullary cavity of long bones.

Bone marrow

Connective tissue found within bones.

Red and yellow bone marrrow

Types of bone marrow

Red bone marrow

Concerned with production of RBC

Yellow bone marrow

For the storage of fat. It is found within the medullary cavities of long bones.

Nutrient blood vessels

Enters thru the nutrient foramen to give nutrition to bones.

Compact or dense bone

These are hard and dense materials which forms the layer of bone structure beneath the periosteum.

Lamellae

The layer of bone structure

Trabecular or Spongy bone

The interior of mature, cancellous bone and has presence of spaces between osteocytes filled with red bone marrow.

Intramembranous (Mesenchymal)

Resembles spongy bone, further remodeling the trapped vessel can produced compact bones. Has several flat bone of the skull, lower jaw, and clavicle.

Examples: Skulls of the bone, mandible, and clavicle.

Endochondral (Cartilage)