chap 4- OCD

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:

when obsessions or compulsions feel exessive or unreasonable, cause great distress, take up much time, and interfere with daily functions.  

Obsessions:

persistent thoughts, ideas, impulses, or images that seem to invade a person’s consciousness 

Compulsions:

reprtive and rigid behaviors or mental acts that people feel they must perfom un order to prevent or reduce anxiety 

what does the cognitive-behavioral perspective say about OCD?

these theroists point out that everyone has repetitive, unwanted, and intrustive thoughts, but people without OCD are able to dismiss and ignore them with ease, those with OCD are not and typically blame themselves for such thoughts and expect that somehow terrible things will happen.

Neutralize:

to avoid negative outcomes, people with OCD try to think or behave in ways meant to put matters right or make ameds (ex- requesting speical reassurance from others, or deliberately thinking “good” thoughts, or washing ones hands, or checking for possible sources of danger). When a neutralizing effort bring aboutg a temporary reduction of discomfort, it is reinforced and will likely be repeated, eventually this becomes OCD 

Cognitvite behavioral persepcitve OCD treatment:  

Exposure and response prevention: clients are repeatedly exposed to objects or situations that produce anxiety, obssessive fears, and compulsive behaviors, but they are told to resist performing the behaviors

what does the Biological Perspective say about OCD:

the corticostriato-thalamo-cortical circut is hyperactive in people with OCD, making it difficult for them o turn off or dismiss their various impluses, needs, and related thoughts.  

Obsessive-compulsive related disorders: 

•  hording disorder: feel they must save items, and they become very distressed if they try to discard them 

•  trichotillomania (hairpulling disorder): repeatedly pull out hair from their sca[p, eyebrows, eyelashes, or other body parts 

• excoriation (skin picking) disorder: keep pickiung at their skin, resulting in significant sores or wounds  

• body dysmorphic disorder: become preoccupied with the belief that they have a particular deflect or flaw in their physical appearance, when it is actiually just imagined in their mind