3b. depth perception
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14 Terms
what is the inverse problem
retinal images are 2D, to the retinal image of 1 straight line could actually have infinite secret 3D lines behind
explain binocular 3D cues
having binocular disparity (two slightly different images on each eye’s retina) helps give an image of depth
explain motion 3D cues
things closer to us move faster, things further away move slower
examples are:
kinetic depth effect
motion parallax
what is the kinetic depth effect
motion 3d clue
when we are stationary but an object is moving
what is motion parallax
motion 3d clue
when we are moving and an object is stationary
explain pictorial 3D cues
texture, relative size, perspective and shading can give clues to depth
explain oculomotor cues for depth
sensations of muscles around your eyes, relies on 2 mechanisms:
convergence = eyes turning inwards when something is super close to us
accommodation = adjustment of the lens to keep things in sharp focus when they are close/far away
how do we overcome ambiguity in shading/depth
we use prior knowledge and assumptions to interpret images
top-down process
what is the ames room
an optical illusion based on our assumptions - it’s an example of how our assumption can cause errors
we assume the lines in the room are straight, being parallel or right angles but they aren’t
explain multi-cue perception
our brain’s ability to process and combine multiple different cues to create a total image
explain the role of compromise in multi-cue perception
when the brain is given two conflicting cues, it weighs up which one is more reliable and perception will be biased in favour of this
explain dominance in multi-cue perception
when one cue is primary and attention-grabbing - the brain just goes with this over the other cue
explain interaction in multi-cue perception
the process of weighing up different cues, comes before the compromise stage
what brain areas are involved in depth integration
V3B - good at integrating depth cues - signals near and far cues best when both are present