9th Grade Bio Key Terms

Carbohydrates (monomer)

Monosaccharides

Carbohydrates (function)

Short-term energy

Lipids (monomer)

Fatty acids

Lipids (function)

Long-term energy

Monomer

Building block of macromolecules

Proteins (monomer)

Amino acids

Proteins (function)

Enzymes

Nucleic Acids (monomer)

Nucleotides

Nucleic Acids (function)

store genetic information (DNA, RNA)

Enzyme

protein that speeds up reactions (catalyst)

Catalyst

increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change

Substrate

Molecule an enzyme acts on

Active site

Region of an enzyme that the substrate binds to

Denaturation

Enzyme shape changes

Do prokaryotic cells have a nucleus?

No, only a nucleoid region

Do prokaryotic cells have ribosomes?

Yes

What organelle provides evidence for the common origin of cells?

Ribosomes

List 4 organelles found in eukaryotic cells:

Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi, chloroplasts

Organelle only found in plant cells

Chloroplast

Plant and prokaryotic cells have this but animal cells don’t:

Cell wall