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Factors of Solubility
Nature of solute and solvent, temperature, surface area, stirring, pressure
How many phases in a solution?
One
Properties of Solutions
homogenous mixture, dissolved particles will not settle out of solution, a single phase (aqueous), does not show the Tyndall effect
How do you make a supersaturated solution?
Heat the solution while adding solute and then cool to a lower temperature
Polyatomic ion with “universal solubility”
NO3/Nitrate
Properties of Acids
Sour taste, corrodes metal, high number of hydrogen ions, pH lower than 7, feels wet, turns litmus red
Properties of Bases
pH greater than 7, turns litmus blue, tastes bitter, high number of hydroxide ions, feels slippery
Universal Solvent
Most substances will dissolve in this solvent
Solvent
Able to dissolve other substances
Solute
Able to dissolve in other substances
Homogenous
Evenly distributed components, known as solutions
Heterogenous
Uneven distribution of components
Aqueous Solutions
Solutions with water as their solvent
Tincture
Solutions with alcohol as their solvent
Soluble
When a substance can dissolve
Insoluble
When a substance can’t dissolve
Miscible
Two liquids that can dissolve together
Immiscible
Liquids that do not dissolve together
Alloy
Solid solution of metals
Amalgram
An alloy that contains mercury
Concentrated Solution
A solution that contains a high amount of solute
Dilute Solution
A solution that contains a low amount of solute