Unit 1 APCSP

Protocol

Set of instructions, rules, and assumptions agreed upon to achieve some result. 

ASCII

A protocol used by real computer to encode text and other information. Uses 7 (8?) bits per character. 

Binary

A number system with TWO symbols (0 and 1) and each place value is a power of TWO!!

Octal

A number system with EIGHT symbols (0-7) and each place value is a power of EIGHT!

Decimal

A number system with TEN symbols (0-9) and each place value is a power of TEN!

Hexadecimal

A number system with SIXTEEN symbols ( 0 - F ) and each place value is a power of SIXTEEN!

Bit

Shorthand for 'binary digit'.

Byte

A group of 8 bits with a storage of 256, and max value is the number 255. 

Analog Information

Information not represented by binary digits. Information is encoded or expressed in a continuous way. 

Digital Information

Information that is represented in binary and can be held by a computer. Information is encoded or expressed in a discrete way.

Sampling

The process of converting analog information into digital information. 

Lossy Conversion

The process of reducing the size of an image, audio, or video by throwing away fine details in order to save space. The original data cannot be fully reconstructed. 

Lossless Conversion

The process of reducing the size of digital information by finding patterns in the data and representing the patterns in a concise way. The original data can be reconstructed from the compressed data.

RGB

A color protocol that determines the amount of red, green, and blue light within a pixel in order to produce a multitude of colors. 

Pixel

A single unit of a computer, phone, or TV screen image that represents a color according the RGB protoco

Intellectual Property

A work or invention that is the result of creativity, such as a piece of writing or a design, to which one has rights and for which one may apply for a patent, copyright, trademark, etc.

Copyright

Laws that govern and determine the ownership of intellectual property. 

Creative Commons

A collection of public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work, used when an author wants to give people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that they have created

bandwidth

the amount of data that can be transmitted by a connection over a give tim,e (Mbps)

Latency

the amount of time it takes for information to travel across a conenction

how do we calculate binary numbers past a decimal point?

we cut in half as progresses to the right

router

a computer that forwards unfo thru the internet

distributed

connection between computers where there are many possible paths