Health Screenings and Immunizations

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes focusing on health screenings and immunizations.

Levels of Prevention

Three levels: Primary (health promotion), Secondary (early diagnosis), and Tertiary (rehabilitation and recovery).

Primary Prevention

Precedes disease/dysfunction. Includes health promotion and specific protection through education and immunization.

Secondary Prevention

Focuses on early diagnosis and prompt treatment of diseases to limit disability.

Tertiary Prevention

Aims to return individuals to an engaged status in society; focuses on rehabilitation and preventing further complications.

Screening

A valuable tool in health care to identify chronic conditions and risk factors early.

Passive Immunity

Short-term immunity obtained by injecting antibodies from an immune individual.

Active Immunity

Long-lasting protection developed by the individual's immune system in response to an infection or vaccination.

Community Immunity (Herd Immunity)

Occurs when a significant portion of a population is immune to a disease, making its spread unlikely.

Vaccination

The process of administering a vaccine to protect against a disease.

Thimerosal

A mercury-containing preservative previously used in some vaccines, now mostly eliminated in childhood vaccinations.

Diabetes Screening

Recommended for adults starting at age 45 or earlier if risk factors are present, with follow-up every three years.

Colorectal Cancer Screening

Recommended screening ages expanded to 45-75 years, with selective screening for ages 76-85 years.

HIV Testing

Routine testing recommended for all individuals aged 13-64, and pregnant women as soon as possible.

Mammography

Screening process for breast cancer, recommended every two years for women aged 40 to 74.

Cervical Cancer Screening

Recommended every 3 years for women aged 21-29 and every 5 years for women 30-65 with hrHPV testing.

Polio Vaccine

Administered in a series of four doses; protects against poliovirus, which can cause paralysis.

Rotavirus Vaccine

Given to prevent severe gastroenteritis in children, administered in a series of doses during infancy.

Measles, Mumps, Rubella Vaccine (MMR)

Provides immunity against these viral infections, administered in two doses during early childhood.

Prostate Cancer Screening

Individual decision for men aged 55-69, weighing benefits and risks, particularly regarding PSA testing.

Cholesterol Screening

Recommended for men starting at age 35 and women at age 45 to monitor for cardiovascular risk.