Spanish Grammar and Vocabulary: Gustar, Ser, Estar, and More

What does the verb 'gustar' mean in English?

'To like' or 'to please.'

What is the literal translation of 'gustar'?

'To be pleasing.'

How must the verb 'gustar' agree in a sentence?

It must agree with the item or action being liked, which is the subject.

If an infinitive verb follows 'gustar', how should 'gustar' be conjugated?

'Gustar' must be conjugated in the singular form.

What is used to identify the person(s) who like or are pleased by the action or object in sentences with 'gustar'?

Indirect object pronouns.

What can be added to clarify who likes something when it's not clear?

An indirect object pronoun.

What are the singular subject pronouns in Spanish?

Yo (I), tú (you), él/ella/usted (he/she/you formal).

What are the plural subject pronouns in Spanish?

Nosotros/as (we), vosotros/as (you all), ellos/ellas/ustedes (they/you all formal).

What are the reasons for using the verb 'SER'?

1. To describe identity, 2. To express origin, 3. To indicate time, 4. To describe characteristics, 5. To express possession.

What types of nouns generally end in -o and are masculine?

Nouns that end in -o are typically masculine.

What types of nouns generally end in -a and are feminine?

Nouns that end in -a are typically feminine.

What are the definite articles in Spanish?

El (singular masculine), la (singular feminine), los (plural masculine), las (plural feminine).

What are the indefinite articles in Spanish?

Un (singular masculine), una (singular feminine), unos (plural masculine), unas (plural feminine).

What are the demonstrative adjectives in Spanish?

Este (this), esa (that), aquellos (those).

What is important to remember about demonstrative adjectives?

They must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.

How do you make nouns plural that end in a vowel?

Add -s to the end of the noun.

How do you make nouns plural that end in a consonant?

Add -es to the end of the noun.

What are three important things to remember about adjectives in Spanish?

1. They agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify, 2. They usually follow the noun, 3. Some adjectives can change meaning based on their position.

What is the translation of the word 'HAY' in English?

'There is' or 'there are.'

What are the four types of stem-changing verbs?

1. e to ie, 2. o to ue, 3. e to i, 4. u to ue.

How do you refer to the future using the verb 'ir + a + infinitivo'?

You use 'ir' conjugated to indicate the subject, followed by 'a' and the infinitive verb (e.g., 'Voy a estudiar' means 'I am going to study').

What are cognates?

Words that have similar meanings and spellings in two languages.

What is Spanglish?

A blend of Spanish and English, often used in informal contexts.